-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
Copy pathindexe2dc.html
494 lines (456 loc) · 45.2 KB
/
indexe2dc.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US" xmlns:og="http://opengraphprotocol.org/schema/" xmlns:fb="https://www.facebook.com/2008/fbml">
<!-- This is an archived copy of www.futureoceans.org/?p=69 by Internews Global Technology Hub on Tue, 23 Jun 2020 20:35:21 GMT -->
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>Coral Restoration Part 3: Evolution | Future OceansFuture Oceans</title>
<link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/style.css" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="wp-content/themes/jeo/img/favicon.html" type="image/x-icon" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
<!-- search engine optimisation -->
<meta name="robots" content="max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1"/>
<link rel="canonical" href="coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/index.html" />
<script type='application/ld+json' class='yoast-schema-graph yoast-schema-graph--main'>{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/#website","url":"https://www.futureoceans.org/","name":"Future Oceans","inLanguage":"en-US","description":"Disruptive Innovations in Marine Conservation","potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://www.futureoceans.org/?s={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/#primaryimage","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441.jpg","width":1320,"height":731},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/#webpage","url":"https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/","name":"Coral Restoration Part 3: Evolution | Future Oceans","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/#website"},"inLanguage":"en-US","primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/#primaryimage"},"datePublished":"2015-11-22T19:24:03+00:00","dateModified":"2019-01-10T15:13:38+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/#/schema/person/8f4550bfac4ff62413effd1861a59123"}},{"@type":["Person"],"@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/#/schema/person/8f4550bfac4ff62413effd1861a59123","name":"Amelia Urry","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https://www.futureoceans.org/#authorlogo","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/88968af169d49080d2f61d9088ae0516?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Amelia Urry"},"sameAs":[]}]}</script>
<!-- / search engine optimisation -->
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='https://ajax.googleapis.com/' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='http://code.jquery.com/' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='http://s.w.org/' />
<meta property="og:title" content="Coral Restoration Part 3: Evolution"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Future Oceans"/><meta property="og:description" content="The Australian Institute of Marine Sciences stands alone at the tip of Queensland’s Cape Cleveland and looks out over the Coral Sea, toward the Great Barrier Reef."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441-1024x567.jpg"/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441-1024x567.jpg" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Coral Restoration Part 3: Evolution" />
<meta name="twitter:description" content="The Australian Institute of Marine Sciences stands alone at the tip of Queensland’s Cape Cleveland and looks out over the Coral Sea, toward the Great Barrier Reef." />
<script type="text/javascript">
window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/12.0.0-1\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/12.0.0-1\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.futureoceans.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.3.4"}};
!function(e,a,t){var r,n,o,i,p=a.createElement("canvas"),s=p.getContext&&p.getContext("2d");function c(e,t){var a=String.fromCharCode;s.clearRect(0,0,p.width,p.height),s.fillText(a.apply(this,e),0,0);var r=p.toDataURL();return s.clearRect(0,0,p.width,p.height),s.fillText(a.apply(this,t),0,0),r===p.toDataURL()}function l(e){if(!s||!s.fillText)return!1;switch(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",e){case"flag":return!c([127987,65039,8205,9895,65039],[127987,65039,8203,9895,65039])&&(!c([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819])&&!c([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]));case"emoji":return!c([55357,56424,55356,57342,8205,55358,56605,8205,55357,56424,55356,57340],[55357,56424,55356,57342,8203,55358,56605,8203,55357,56424,55356,57340])}return!1}function d(e){var t=a.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=t.type="text/javascript",a.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(t)}for(i=Array("flag","emoji"),t.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},o=0;o<i.length;o++)t.supports[i[o]]=l(i[o]),t.supports.everything=t.supports.everything&&t.supports[i[o]],"flag"!==i[o]&&(t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&t.supports[i[o]]);t.supports.everythingExceptFlag=t.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!t.supports.flag,t.DOMReady=!1,t.readyCallback=function(){t.DOMReady=!0},t.supports.everything||(n=function(){t.readyCallback()},a.addEventListener?(a.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",n,!1),e.addEventListener("load",n,!1)):(e.attachEvent("onload",n),a.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===a.readyState&&t.readyCallback()})),(r=t.source||{}).concatemoji?d(r.concatemoji):r.wpemoji&&r.twemoji&&(d(r.twemoji),d(r.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings);
</script>
<style type="text/css">
img.wp-smiley,
img.emoji {
display: inline !important;
border: none !important;
box-shadow: none !important;
height: 1em !important;
width: 1em !important;
margin: 0 .07em !important;
vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
background: none !important;
padding: 0 !important;
}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newsroom-normalize-css' href='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/css/normalize03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newsroom-entypo-css' href='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/css/entypo03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newsroom-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Source+Sans+Pro%3A400%2C300%2C400italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C300italic%2C200%7CCrimson+Text%3A400%2C600%2C700&ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='newsroom-styles-css' href='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/css/main03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='photoswipe-css' href='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/photoswipe/photoswipe03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='photoswipe-skin-css' href='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/photoswipe/default-skin/default-skin03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='chosen-css' href='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/chosen/chosen.min03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='jquery-ui-smoothness-css' href='http://code.jquery.com/ui/1.10.3/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='cartodb-css' href='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/cartodb0fe2.css?ver=3.15.19' type='text/css' media='all' />
<!--[if lte IE 8]>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='leaflet-ie-css' href='https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/leaflet/leaflet.ie.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<![endif]-->
<link rel='stylesheet' id='mapbox-css-css' href='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/mapbox.js-bower-2.4.0/mapbox8d5a.css?ver=2.4.0' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='jeo-css' href='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/css/jeo2fb2.css?ver=0.0.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery4a5f.js?ver=1.12.4-wp'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min330a.js?ver=1.4.1'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/jquery.fitvids4963.js?ver=1.1'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/js/main622c.js?ver=0.0.1'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/photoswipe/photoswipe.min03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/photoswipe/photoswipe-ui-default.min03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/JEO-Newsroom/lib/chosen/chosen.jquery.min03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/cartodb0fe2.js?ver=3.15.19'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/mapbox.js-bower-2.4.0/mapbox.standalone8d5a.js?ver=2.4.0'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/underscore.min4511.js?ver=1.8.3'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var jeo_localization = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.futureoceans.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","ssl":"1","more_label":"More"};
var jeo_settings = {"mapbox_access_token":""};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/jeo3390.js?ver=0.4.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var jeo_groups = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.futureoceans.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","more_label":"More"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/groups4392.js?ver=0.2.7'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var jeo_labels = {"search_placeholder":"Find a location","results_title":"Results","clear_search":"Close search","not_found":"Nothing found, try something else."};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/geocodef8ab.js?ver=0.0.5'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/fullscreenbd4f.js?ver=0.0.7'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/filter-layers6275.js?ver=0.1.3'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/ui1b65.js?ver=0.0.9'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/hashc5da.js?ver=0.1.0'></script>
<link rel='https://api.w.org/' href='wp-json/index.html' />
<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="xmlrpc0db0.php?rsd" />
<link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml" />
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 5.3.4" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='indexe2dc.html?p=69' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="wp-json/oembed/1.0/embede452.json?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.futureoceans.org%2Fcoral-restoration-part-3-evolution%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="wp-json/oembed/1.0/embedcb74?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.futureoceans.org%2Fcoral-restoration-part-3-evolution%2F&format=xml" />
<script>
(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
})(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');
ga('create', 'UA-70722913-2', 'auto');
ga('require', 'linkid');
ga('send', 'pageview');
</script>
<link rel="icon" href="wp-content/uploads/2020/03/cropped-EJN-Tree-01-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" />
<link rel="icon" href="wp-content/uploads/2020/03/cropped-EJN-Tree-01-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="wp-content/uploads/2020/03/cropped-EJN-Tree-01-180x180.png" />
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/cropped-EJN-Tree-01-270x270.png" />
<style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css">
/* type */
h1 {
color: #0FA4D4;
font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
font-weight: light;
font-weight: 200;
letter-spacing: -.02em;
font-size: 6.75rem;
}
#primary h1 {
font-size: 4rem;
font-weight: bold;
font-weight: 400;
}
h2 {
font-size: 2.5rem;
margin-top: .5em;
font-weight: normal;
color: #33A19C;
}
h3 {
font-size: 2rem;
line-height: 1.25em;
font-weight: normal;
color: #666;
}
.siteorigin-panels .entry-content .widget-title {
font-weight: bold;
}
.newsroom-section-title h2 {
font-size: 2rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
/* navbar */
#masthead #mastnav ul.menu li a {
color: #33A19C;
}
/* header */
#masthead .site-meta {
width: 100%;
margin: 3em 0 1em;
}
/* hide the text nameplate */
#alt-nameplate {
border: 0;
clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
height: 1px;
margin: -1px;
overflow: hidden;
padding: 0;
position: absolute;
width: 1px;
}
/* colophon */
#colophon {
background-color: #0FA4D4;
}
#colophon #footer-nav ul li a {
background-color: #5BD7E5;
color: #0FA4D4;
}
/* story details */
#primary .post-meta .byline p {
color: #33A19C;
}
#primary .post-meta .terms .tax-item p {
color: #33A19C;
}
#primary .post-meta .terms .tax-item ul li a {
background: #33A19C;
color: #fff;
}
#primary .post-meta .terms {
border-top: 2px solid #33A19C;
}
#primary .post-meta {
border-bottom: 1px solid #33A19C;
}
/* button */
.button, input[type="submit"], button, a.button {
background-color: #0FA4D4;
color: #fff;
} </style>
</head>
<body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-69 single-format-standard en-US">
<header id="masthead">
<div>
<div class="site-meta">
<h1> <a href="index.html" title="Future Oceans">
Future Oceans </a>
</h1> </div>
<div class="top-nav">
<nav id="langnav">
</nav>
<nav id="socialnav">
</nav>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<nav id="mastnav">
<div class="menu-header-container"><ul id="menu-header" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-693" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-693"><a href="prologue/index.html">Prologue</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-50" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-50"><a href="index.html">Table of Contents</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-954" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-954"><a href="changing-the-oceans/index.html">Changing the Oceans</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-953"><a href="exploring-the-oceans/index.html">Exploring the Oceans</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-952" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-952"><a href="monitoring-the-oceans/index.html">Monitoring the Oceans</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-951" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-951"><a href="healing-the-oceans/index.html">Healing the Oceans</a></li>
</ul></div> <form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" action="https://www.futureoceans.org/">
<!-- <div>
<input type="text" name="s" id="s" placeholder="Search here..." value="" />
</div>
</form> -->
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="mobile-header" style="display:none;">
<span class="logo"> <a href="index.html" title="Future Oceans">
Future Oceans </a>
</span> <nav id="mobile-nav">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="icon toggle-nav icon-menu"></a>
<div class="mobile-nav-content">
<div class="menu-header-container"><ul id="menu-header-1" class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-post menu-item-693"><a href="prologue/index.html">Prologue</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-50"><a href="index.html">Table of Contents</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-954"><a href="changing-the-oceans/index.html">Changing the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-953"><a href="exploring-the-oceans/index.html">Exploring the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-952"><a href="monitoring-the-oceans/index.html">Monitoring the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-951"><a href="healing-the-oceans/index.html">Healing the Oceans</a></li>
</ul></div> <form role="search" method="get" id="searchform" action="https://www.futureoceans.org/">
<!-- <div>
<input type="text" name="s" id="s" placeholder="Search here..." value="" />
</div>
</form> -->
</div>
</nav>
</div>
<article id="primary" class="content-area" role="main">
<header class="page-header">
<h1>Coral Restoration Part 3: Evolution</h1>
<div class="subhead">
<p>The Australian Institute of Marine Sciences stands alone at the tip of Queensland’s Cape Cleveland and looks out over the Coral Sea, toward the Great Barrier Reef.</p>
</div>
<div class="kicker">
<div class="kicker-image-container" style="width:1020px;"><img width="1020" height="565" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441-1020x565.jpg" class="attachment-kicker size-kicker wp-post-image" alt="" srcset="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441-1020x565.jpg 1020w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441-300x166.jpg 300w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441-1024x567.jpg 1024w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/p1020441.jpg 1320w" sizes="(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px" /><div class="image-caption"></div></div> </div>
<div class="post-meta">
<div class="byline">
<p>Amelia Urry, November 22, 2015</p>
</div>
<div class="terms">
<div class="newsroom-tax-terms">
<div class="tax-category tax-item">
<p>Categories:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="category/article/index.html">Article</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="tax-post_tag tax-item">
<p>Tags:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="tag/australia/index.html">Australia</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/climate-change/index.html">climate change</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/conservation/index.html">conservation</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/coral/index.html">coral</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/global-warming/index.html">global warming</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/great-barrier-reef/index.html">Great Barrier Reef</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/hawaii/index.html">Hawaii</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/nasa/index.html">NASA</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/ocean/index.html">ocean</a></li>
<li><a href="tag/ocean-acidification/index.html">ocean acidification</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="tax-topic tax-item">
<p>Topics:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="topic/climate/index.html">Climate</a></li>
<li><a href="topic/oceans/index.html">Oceans</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<div class="content-container">
<!-- <aside id="share">
<p>Share this story</p>
<ul>
<li>
<div class="fb-like" data-href="https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/" data-layout="box_count" data-show-faces="false" data-send="false" data-share="true"></div>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-url="https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/" data-lang="en" data-count="vertical">Tweet</a>
</li>
<li>
<div class="g-plusone" data-size="tall" data-href="coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/index.html"></div>
</li>
<li>
<script src="http://platform.linkedin.com/in.js" type="text/javascript"> lang: en_US</script>
<script type="IN/Share" data-counter="top"></script>
</li>
</ul>
</aside> -->
<section class="content">
<p class="corals-sectionheadlink text-center" style="text-align: center"><a href="coral-reefs-are-in-trouble-meet-the-people-trying-to-rebuild-them/index.html">Part 1 </a>| <a href="coral-restoration-part-2-selection/index.html">Part 2 |</a> <strong>Part 3</strong></p>
<p><a href="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/coral-green.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-97 aligncenter" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/coral-green.jpg" alt="coral-green" width="100" height="113" /></a></p>
<p>Inside sits an array of temperature- and pH-controlled tanks, sediment pumps, and stacks of high-octane computers. With all that tech, AIMS, a federally funded research center, can feel a little like NASA, if NASA were dropped in the middle of Australia and had its laser-assisted focus retrained on the oceans. High-security access badges: Check. Brilliant, high-powered scientists: Check. Evocative acronyms: So many checks.</p>
<p>The blocky brick building I come to at the end of 50 km of wallaby-strewn highway is an unassuming advertisement for the pie-in-the-sky projects unfolding inside. And so, with not a little cognitive dissonance, I sign my name on a standard-issue clipboard, and head to the world’s first Sea Simulator — the SeaSim, for short.</p>
<p>The 10,000-square-foot facility was built with the help of a $27 million <a href="http://www.scienceinpublic.com.au/media-releases/37-million-sea-simulator">grant</a> from the Australian government (that’s $37 million in AUD) and the ambition to do the kinds of long-running, multi-variable experiments never before possible in run-of-the-mill marine biology labs.</p>
<p>The sprawling building contains an upper story with a double row of sealed rooms, each controlled by a monitor panel outside. In some, heavy-duty pumps suspend dredge sediment in tanks lit a deep dance-club blue; others hold aquariums full of crown-of-thorns starfish, nightmarish, spiny creatures whose unchecked appetites have decimated whole swaths of reef.</p>
<p>But downstairs, I find what I came for: an enormous, open-plan room that will hold the nine tanks of Madeleine van Oppen’s time machine.</p>
<p><a href="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/round-5.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-98 aligncenter" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/round-5.jpg" alt="round-5" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/round-5.jpg 150w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/round-5-87x87.jpg 87w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></a></p>
<p><strong>In February of this year,</strong> Madeleine van Oppen and her colleague Ruth Gates of the University of Hawaii published a paper suggesting that we start researching whether it’s possible for humans to help corals evolve to survive in a climate-changed world.</p>
<p>They called it “assisted evolution,” and it was a new approach to the same old problem: Corals already possess some innate resilience, but they cannot evolve fast enough to keep up with the accelerating pace of climate change. So let’s just make them evolve faster.</p>
<p>With a grant from the Paul-Allen-funded <a href="http://www.pgafamilyfoundation.org/oceanchallenge/">Ocean Challenge</a> prize, covering a five-year-long research project split between AIMS and the University of Hawaii, van Oppen and company set out to see if that’s even possible. If they could breed new generations of corals that outperformed their parents, maybe they could identify the secret to coral resilience, be it genetic, microbial, or something else altogether.</p>
<p>And for that, they need corals. A lot of them.</p>
<div style="width: 1330px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img class="" src="https://grist.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/p1020361.jpg?w=1320&h=742" alt="" width="1320" height="743" /><p class="wp-caption-text">AIMS staff unload samples of coral and sand from the Great Barrier Reef, to be used in SeaSim experiments. (Photo credit: Grist | Amelia Urry)</p></div>
<p><strong>The boat comes in in the afternoon.</strong> Van Oppen drives me down to the port, where researchers with a heavy crane are lifting pallets of stacked plastic bins from the deck of the dive boat into the back of a truck. It’s sunny, so they work fast — these corals have come from Davies Reef, a nearby patch of the Great Barrier, and they are likely feeling the heat.</p>
<p>As he sloshes excess seawater out of the bins, research manager Neal Cantin explains to me what they’ve brought back: entire tubs of sand and sediment, heaps of worn-down and overgrown old coral skeletons (or “live rock”), some algae and sponges for a different experiment, and, of course, about 80 coral colonies for van Oppen’s experiment.</p>
<p>The corals are the main event, but the sand and sundry are important, too. With all these ingredients — and the ambient microbial communities they host — the researchers can create a rough copy of the reef the corals just left. Then, using data from a weather tower right over Davies Reef, they can adjust the water temperature throughout the day to match natural conditions as closely as possible.</p>
<p>I hitch a ride back to the SeaSim with a couple of tubs of coral and live rock. There, in the largest chamber of the Sea Simulator, Cantin and a graduate student are arranging the corals in three long tanks, flushed with seawater and lit with full-spectrum LEDs that mimic sunshine. These tanks will serve as an indoor ocean to these corals for the next five years, or longer.</p>
<p>Eventually, there will be nine tanks in the enormous, hangar-like room, grouped by threes: One trio will be treated with water heated and cooled to match the real-time temperature data from Davies Reef. The pH levels will match normal variations the reef might experience over the course of an average day, becoming more acidic at night, in the absence of photosynthesis. The second set will have its water heated and soured to match the ocean conditions we are predicted to experience by midcentury. The third will experience the most extreme conditions, with temperatures and acidity mimicking what we might see by 2100 if climate change is left unchecked.</p>
<p>All the corals will spend a few months acclimating to these new normals. The scientists expect many of them will become stressed, even bleach — but that’s only the beginning. What they really want to find out is how the kids do.</p>
<p><a href="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/dory.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-99 aligncenter" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/dory.jpg" alt="dory" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/dory.jpg 150w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/dory-87x87.jpg 87w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></a></p>
<p><strong>The idea that humans might “assist evolution,” while it sounds wacky, is not truly anything that new.</strong> We’ve been changing the evolution of plenty of species, intentionally and otherwise, for about as long as we’ve been living in social groups. We “assist” evolution when we breed animals to perpetuate traits — milk production, for example, or docile behavior — that we find beneficial. We also can be said to assist evolution when we build environments, like cities, where certain animals, like pigeons, can find an ecological niche that never existed in the wild.</p>
<p>And we’re <em>already</em> applying selective pressures to coral. From global warming to ocean acidification, we’re changing the natural environment such that some corals are better adapted to survive than others. But evolution, while it’s happening, is not happening fast enough — and those selective pressures of ocean acidification and ocean warming run the risk of selecting reefs right out of existence.</p>
<p>Genetic selection is the most familiar kind of evolution, but the process of accumulating genetic adaptations is typically a slow one, reliant on chance mutations that occur in the right place at the right time. And corals only spawn once a year and grow slowly — which means there aren’t many chances to get things right.</p>
<p>So van Oppen’s group is looking to find the helpful mutations first, and maybe eventually find a way to spread them among wild corals. She is also looking for “epigenetic” changes in the corals, which is a catch-all term for the things that act on the genome, but are not a part of it.</p>
<p>For example, certain molecules may be attached to parts of an organism’s DNA, controlling whether a certain gene is turned on or off. If the gene is turned off, the cell won’t produce the protein that the gene codes for. In this way, an individual of a species may possess all the genes necessary to produce some trait without actually <em>expressing</em> the trait — all depending on its epigenetics.</p>
<p>These epigenetic markers have, in some cases, seemed to be heritable from a parent organism to its offspring. Van Oppen believes that epigenetics may hold the key to jump-starting corals’ non-traditional evolution in the face of warmer, more acidic waters. And if we can get a head-start on climate change by seeing what these changes might look like, maybe we can help nudge today’s reefs in the direction they need to go.</p>
<div style="width: 1330px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img class="" src="https://grist.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/p1020441.jpg?w=1320&h=730" alt="" width="1320" height="731" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Baby Pocillopora growing up in the SeaSim tanks. (Photo credit: Grist | Amelia Urry)</p></div>
<p><em><strong>Pocillopora</strong></em><strong> — “poss-ill-uh-pour-uh” — </strong><em><strong>acuta</strong></em><strong> are pale, knobby lumps of coral</strong>, each about the size and shape of a head of cauliflower. They are fast-growing and branching, which makes them important reef building species, not unlike the more common <em>Acropora</em>.</p>
<p>But <em>Pocillopora</em> do one weird thing differently from most other corals. Instead of spawning just once a year, <em>Pocillopora</em> can reproduce asexually, releasing fully formed clonal larvae every month or so. In van Oppen’s lab, these larvae will settle onto little ceramic discs prepared by researchers and start to grow. Some of the baby corals will be moved around — the hot future larvae back to cold present-day tanks, and vice versa — to see how they do. Then this whole step will be repeated one more time, with a third generation of corals.</p>
<p>If the second- and third-generation of corals born and raised in future ocean conditions seem robust, that may tell us about how reefs could change in real-time. But even if corals are capable of keeping up with stressfully high temperatures and acidity, they still may change in ways that will fundamentally change the reefs themselves. The corals may not grow as fast, and they may reproduce differently. Larvae might have more trouble developing, or might develop differently.</p>
<p>And if the third generation of <em>Pocillopora</em> do end up stronger than their forebearers? The next step could be one of sci-fi proportions: to take these speed-evolved corals out onto the reef. These ultra-resilient corals could potentially be used to restore damaged reefs, while providing a set of genes that could pass some of that accelerated resilience on to the next generation.</p>
<p>The other experiments van Oppen’s team will be running have some similarly stunning implications. For example, if the scientists experimentally evolve a strain of symbiotic zooxanthellae that makes its coral host more resistant to bleaching, they could conceivably grow huge tanks of it, to dump on reefs during especially hot spells.</p>
<p>To be clear, these are all pretty long shots for a lot of different reasons. But even if they’re shown to work, is it a good idea?</p>
<p><em> <a href="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-4.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-100 aligncenter" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-4.jpg" alt="rounded-4" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-4.jpg 150w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-4-87x87.jpg 87w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></a></em></p>
<p><strong>“It’s not up to us in the end</strong> whether it will actually be implemented,” Madeleine van Oppen told me, before I could even ask. Her experiments are such an early step on the road to large-scale reef engineering that she only spends a few minutes talking about the possibility. For van Oppen, the important thing is that we at least start asking the right questions. Answering them is a whole different research project.</p>
<p>What we definitely don’t want to do, she says, is to introduce new problems into a system we’ve already thrown out of whack. “We are very good at messing things up, changing this planet tremendously,” van Oppen says. “We’re also very innovative and intelligent, I suppose. We’ve come up with lots of good solutions.”</p>
<p>One thing is sure: We’ll have to put the brakes on climate change eventually, if we want to stave off disaster — on this point, everyone agrees. But even if we phase out greenhouse gas emissions in the next 10 or 20 years, the atmosphere and oceans will continue to warm for years after — so we need to be prepared to deal with that.</p>
<p>In a certain light, this crisis is nothing new for humans, says van Oppen: “We pollute the environment and then we clean it up. We develop bacteria that can digest hydrocarbons when there’s been an oil spill. It’s no different from other things where we clean up after the mess we have made. We do that all the time. Unfortunately, that’s how humans are.”</p>
<p>I’m starting to get the sense that if scientists, governments, and nonprofits can figure out how to engineer a better coral reef, it will be because, in the end, it’s easier to change nature itself than it is to change human nature.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><a href="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-1.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-91 aligncenter" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-1.jpg" alt="rounded-1" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-1.jpg 150w, https://www.futureoceans.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rounded-1-87x87.jpg 87w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" /></a></p>
<blockquote><p><em>The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is a bucket list item if there ever was one. It’s the largest living barrier reef in the world, roughly <a href="http://www.gbrmpa.gov.au/about-the-reef/facts-about-the-great-barrier-reef">the size of Italy</a>, and one of the only biological objects visible from space.</em></p>
<p><a href="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/reef.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-101 aligncenter" src="wp-content/uploads/2015/11/reef.jpg" alt="reef" width="100" height="79" /></a></p></blockquote>
<p>Home to some of the strangest (and most venomous) creatures in the ocean, the GBR is a poster child of what we stand to lose as the oceans warm. I had always wanted to see it for myself.</p>
<p>So one morning, on an ocean as flat and blue as a swimming pool, empty of other boats all the way to the cloud-strewn horizon, I hold a mask and regulator to my face and step into the water.</p>
<p>Underneath, huge mounds of coral rise 30 feet from the seafloor almost to the surface. I am surprised to find that these seamounts — called “bommies” in Aussie — are veritable catalogue advertisements of reef health and diversity. I see all kinds of <em>Acropora</em> — big, branching thickets of elkhorn, wide terraces of tabletop coral — all colored a healthy deep orange or yellow. <em>Pocillopora</em> sit on the tops of lower mounts like frilly heads of lettuce. I see enormous brain corals and tiny, fine-fingered soft corals that swayed in the current.</p>
<p>All around these pillars and buttresses, life swarms and flashes like static electricity: angelfish, damselfish, clownfish, a massive school of yellow-finned jacks winding between two bommies. There are skates bearing blue spots the size of silver dollars and parrotfish in all the colors of an 80s aerobics instructor’s leotard. Electric-blue sea stars stand out like asterisks on the sand, where giant clams flick their purple lips as I swim over.</p>
<p>If there is trouble on the Great Barrier Reef — and, by all accounts, there is — I can’t see a sign of it from behind my mask. In all its wild wholeness, this little patch of Edenic reef seems to stand both for what has been lost everywhere else, and what we stand to save.</p>
<p>But as I haul myself back out of the water — suddenly transformed back into a clumsy two-legged creature wearing sixty pounds of dive equipment and a fogged mask in front of my face — I feel both smaller and bigger than before. No matter how much I wanted to believe it while I was underwater, I knew that the idea of a pristine reef is an illusion. There are no virgin reefs to “preserve.” Any reef, any ecosystem, no matter how lovely, is in the process of being affected by the 7 billion (and counting) people of the world.</p>
<p>But that’s the way it’s always been. The reef is always changing: It is fed by currents and smashed by storms, and subject to the whims of the animals moving in waves over it. Flux is a fact of nature, and human are now a part of that. If we want to start setting right some of the balances we’ve upset, coral reefs are as good a symbol as any of where our real work begins — at the intersection between the world and ourselves.</p>
<p> </p>
<!-- <aside id="bottom-share">
<p>Share this story</p>
<ul>
<li>
<div class="fb-like" data-href="https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/" data-layout="box_count" data-show-faces="false" data-send="false" data-share="true"></div>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-url="https://www.futureoceans.org/coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/" data-lang="en" data-count="vertical">Tweet</a>
</li>
<li>
<div class="g-plusone" data-size="tall" data-href="coral-restoration-part-3-evolution/index.html"></div>
</li>
<li>
<script src="http://platform.linkedin.com/in.js" type="text/javascript"> lang: en_US</script>
<script type="IN/Share" data-counter="top"></script>
</li>
</ul>
</aside> -->
<div id="comments" class="comments-area row">
</div><!-- #comments --> </section>
</div>
<aside id="sidebar">
<ul class="widgets">
</ul>
</aside>
</article>
<footer id="colophon">
<div class="footer-content">
<nav id="footer-nav">
<div class="menu"><ul>
<li class="page_item page-item-6"><a href="changing-the-oceans/index.html">Changing the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-390"><a href="exploring-the-oceans/index.html">Exploring the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-738"><a href="healing-the-oceans/index.html">Healing the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-567"><a href="monitoring-the-oceans/index.html">Monitoring the Oceans</a></li>
<li class="page_item page-item-4"><a href="index.html">Table of Contents</a></li>
</ul></div>
</nav>
<ul id="footer-sidebar">
</ul>
<div class="credits">
<!-- <p>This website is built on <a href="http://wordpress.org/" target="_blank" rel="external">WordPress</a> using the <a href="http://github.com/infoamazonia/newsroom/" target="_blank" rel="external">JEO Newsroom</a> theme</p> -->
</div>
</div>
</footer>
<div id="fb-root"></div>
<script>(function(d, s, id) {
var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];
if (d.getElementById(id)) return;
js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id;
js.src = "https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js#xfbml=1&appId=1674475586098505";
fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs);
}(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk'));</script>
<script>!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs");</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
(function() {
var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true;
po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js';
var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s);
})();
</script>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='range-slider-css' href='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/range-slider/css/classic-min03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='jeo-range-slider-css' href='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/css/range-slider03ec.css?ver=5.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/moment.mind4d7.js?ver=2.22.2'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
moment.locale( 'en_US', {"months":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthsShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"weekdays":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"weekdaysShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"week":{"dow":0},"longDateFormat":{"LT":"g:i a","LTS":null,"L":null,"LL":"F j, Y","LLL":"F j, Y g:i a","LLLL":null}} );
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.mine899.js?ver=1.11.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/datepicker.mine899.js?ver=1.11.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
jQuery(document).ready(function(jQuery){jQuery.datepicker.setDefaults({"closeText":"Close","currentText":"Today","monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Previous","dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"dateFormat":"MM d, yy","firstDay":0,"isRTL":false});});
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/d3js/4.13.0/d3.min.js?ver=4.13.0'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var jeo_markers = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.futureoceans.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","query":{"p":69,"error":"","m":"","post_parent":"","subpost":"","subpost_id":"","attachment":"","attachment_id":0,"name":"","pagename":"","page_id":0,"second":"","minute":"","hour":"","day":0,"monthnum":0,"year":0,"w":0,"category_name":"","tag":"","cat":"","tag_id":"","author":"","author_name":"","feed":"","tb":"","paged":1,"meta_key":"","meta_value":"","preview":"","s":"","sentence":"","title":"","fields":"","menu_order":"","embed":"","category__in":[],"category__not_in":[],"category__and":[],"post__in":[],"post__not_in":[],"post_name__in":[],"tag__in":[],"tag__not_in":[],"tag__and":[],"tag_slug__in":[],"tag_slug__and":[],"post_parent__in":[],"post_parent__not_in":[],"author__in":[],"author__not_in":[],"ignore_sticky_posts":false,"cache_results":false,"update_post_term_cache":true,"lazy_load_term_meta":true,"update_post_meta_cache":true,"post_type":["post"],"posts_per_page":200,"nopaging":false,"comments_per_page":"50","no_found_rows":false,"order":"DESC","post_status":"publish"},"markerextent":"1","markerextent_defaultzoom":"","enable_clustering":""};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/markersca30.js?ver=0.2.19'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/widget.mine899.js?ver=1.11.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/mouse.mine899.js?ver=1.11.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/jquery.mousewheel03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/range-slider/jQAllRangeSliders-withRuler-min03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/lib/moment03ec.js?ver=5.3.4'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var jeo_range_slider_options = {"rangeType":"dateRangeSlider","options":{"dateFormat":"MM\/DD\/YYYY"}};
var jeo_range_slider_options = {"rangeType":"dateRangeSlider","options":{"dateFormat":"MM\/DD\/YYYY"}};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='wp-content/themes/jeo/inc/js/range-slider6275.js?ver=0.1.3'></script>
</body>
<!-- This is an archived copy of www.futureoceans.org/?p=69 by Internews Global Technology Hub on Tue, 23 Jun 2020 20:35:21 GMT -->
</html>