diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/config/external/Jwt.kt b/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/config/external/Jwt.kt
index 91fb990b..dbb38a5f 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/config/external/Jwt.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/config/external/Jwt.kt
@@ -17,8 +17,4 @@ data class Jwt(
      * JwtToken的加密密钥
      */
     var secret: String = "",
-    /**
-     * Jwt 最大同时登录设备数
-     */
-    var maxLogin: Int = 1,
 )
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/UserService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/UserService.kt
index be2aef91..489d6981 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/UserService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/UserService.kt
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import org.springframework.data.repository.findByIdOrNull
 import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service
 import plus.maa.backend.common.MaaStatusCode
-import plus.maa.backend.config.external.MaaCopilotProperties
 import plus.maa.backend.controller.request.user.LoginDTO
 import plus.maa.backend.controller.request.user.PasswordResetDTO
 import plus.maa.backend.controller.request.user.RegisterDTO
@@ -19,7 +18,6 @@ import plus.maa.backend.repository.entity.MaaUser
 import plus.maa.backend.service.jwt.JwtExpiredException
 import plus.maa.backend.service.jwt.JwtInvalidException
 import plus.maa.backend.service.jwt.JwtService
-import java.util.UUID
 
 /**
  * @author AnselYuki
@@ -31,7 +29,6 @@ class UserService(
     private val passwordEncoder: PasswordEncoder,
     private val userDetailService: UserDetailServiceImpl,
     private val jwtService: JwtService,
-    private val properties: MaaCopilotProperties,
 ) {
     /**
      * 登录方法
@@ -49,15 +46,9 @@ class UserService(
             throw MaaResultException(MaaStatusCode.MAA_USER_NOT_ENABLED)
         }
 
-        val jwtId = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
-        val jwtIds = user.refreshJwtIds
-        jwtIds.add(jwtId)
-        while (jwtIds.size > properties.jwt.maxLogin) jwtIds.removeAt(0)
-        userRepository.save(user)
-
         val authorities = userDetailService.collectAuthoritiesFor(user)
         val authToken = jwtService.issueAuthToken(user.userId!!, null, authorities)
-        val refreshToken = jwtService.issueRefreshToken(user.userId, jwtId)
+        val refreshToken = jwtService.issueRefreshToken(user.userId, null)
 
         return MaaLoginRsp(
             authToken.value,
@@ -144,18 +135,7 @@ class UserService(
 
             val userId = old.subject
             val user = userRepository.findById(userId).orElseThrow()
-
-            val refreshJwtIds = user.refreshJwtIds
-            val idIndex = refreshJwtIds.indexOf(old.jwtId)
-            if (idIndex < 0) throw MaaResultException(401, "invalid token")
-
-            val jwtId = UUID.randomUUID().toString()
-            refreshJwtIds[idIndex] = jwtId
-
-            userRepository.save(user)
-
-            val refreshToken = jwtService.newRefreshToken(old, jwtId)
-
+            val refreshToken = jwtService.issueRefreshToken(userId, null)
             val authorities = userDetailService.collectAuthoritiesFor(user)
             val authToken = jwtService.issueAuthToken(userId, null, authorities)
 
diff --git a/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtService.kt b/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtService.kt
index 328492d0..953fc92c 100644
--- a/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtService.kt
+++ b/src/main/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtService.kt
@@ -57,18 +57,6 @@ class JwtService(properties: MaaCopilotProperties) {
         return JwtRefreshToken(subject, jwtId, now, expireAt, now, key)
     }
 
-    /**
-     * 产生新的 RefreshToken. 新的 token 除了签发和生效时间、 id 不同外，其余属性均继承自原来的 token.
-     * 一般情况下， RefreshToken 应结合数据库使用以避免陷入无法撤销的窘境
-     *
-     * @param old 原 token
-     * @return 新的 RefreshToken
-     */
-    fun newRefreshToken(old: JwtRefreshToken, jwtId: String?): JwtRefreshToken {
-        val now = Instant.now()
-        return JwtRefreshToken(old.subject, jwtId, now, old.expiresAt, now, key)
-    }
-
     /**
      * 验证并解析为 RefreshToken. 该方法为 stateless 的验证。
      *
diff --git a/src/main/resources/application-template.yml b/src/main/resources/application-template.yml
index 74a897cc..8e27bfdd 100644
--- a/src/main/resources/application-template.yml
+++ b/src/main/resources/application-template.yml
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ maa-copilot:
     expire: 21600
     # JwtToken的加密密钥
     secret: $I_Am_The_Bone_Of_My_Sword!Steel_Is_My_Body_And_Fire_Is_My_Blood!$
-    max-login: 1
   github:
     # GitHub api token
     token: github_pat_xxx
diff --git a/src/test/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtServiceTest.kt b/src/test/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtServiceTest.kt
index 6f65ed05..50f9c9a6 100644
--- a/src/test/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtServiceTest.kt
+++ b/src/test/kotlin/plus/maa/backend/service/jwt/JwtServiceTest.kt
@@ -30,22 +30,6 @@ class JwtServiceTest {
         check(parsedToken.isAuthenticated)
     }
 
-    @Test
-    @Throws(JwtExpiredException::class, JwtInvalidException::class)
-    fun refreshTokenCodec() {
-        val service = createService()
-
-        val subject = "some user id"
-        val origin = service.issueRefreshToken(subject, null)
-
-        val parsedToken = service.verifyAndParseRefreshToken(origin.value)
-        check(subject == parsedToken.subject)
-        val newToken = service.newRefreshToken(parsedToken, null)
-        check(!newToken.issuedAt.isBefore(parsedToken.issuedAt))
-        check(!newToken.notBefore.isBefore(parsedToken.notBefore))
-        check(newToken.expiresAt == parsedToken.expiresAt)
-    }
-
     @Test
     fun wrongTypeParseShouldFail() {
         val service = createService()
@@ -58,4 +42,4 @@ class JwtServiceTest {
             service.verifyAndParseAuthToken(refreshToken.value)
         }
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}