[CPU] Fix load failure when using ov_dir for SDPA models (#29149)

### Details:
 - *The process of core.compile_model() for first run(create cache):*
   - *plugin.compile_model()*
- *Transformations(m_model) // apply ngraph transformation for m_model*
     - *...*
   - *compiled_model.export_model()*
     - *ModelSerializer.operator<< // serialize the m_model*
- *call `visit_attributes` of each node to save attributes in m_model*
       - *...*
 - *The process of core.compile_model() for second+ run(load cache):*
   - *core.load_model_from_cache()*
     - *...*
     - *plugin.import_model()*
       - *ModelDeserializer.operator>> // deserialize into m_model*
- *call `visit_attributes` of each node to restore attributes in
m_model*
       - *...*
 - *So `visit_attributes` is needed if op has attributes*

### Tickets:
 - *[162979](https://jira.devtools.intel.com/browse/CVS-162979)*

Author: luo-cheng2021

src/plugins/intel_cpu/src/transformations/cpu_opset/x64/op/qkv_proj.cpp

@@ -37,4 +37,18 @@ std::shared_ptr<Node> QKVProjectionNode::clone_with_new_inputs(const ov::OutputV
     check_new_args_count(this, new_args);
     return std::make_shared<QKVProjectionNode>(new_args, m_config);
 }
+
+bool QKVProjectionNode::visit_attributes(ov::AttributeVisitor& visitor) {
+    INTERNAL_OP_SCOPE(QKVProjectionNode_visit_attributes);
+    visitor.start_structure("config");
+    visitor.on_attribute("quantized", m_config.quantized);
+    visitor.on_attribute("hidden_size", m_config.hidden_size);
+    visitor.on_attribute("proj_size0", m_config.proj_size0);
+    visitor.on_attribute("proj_size1", m_config.proj_size1);
+    visitor.on_attribute("proj_size2", m_config.proj_size2);
+    visitor.on_attribute("weights_combined", m_config.weights_combined);
+    visitor.finish_structure();
+    return true;
+}
+
 }  // namespace ov::intel_cpu

src/plugins/intel_cpu/src/transformations/cpu_opset/x64/op/qkv_proj.hpp

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ class QKVProjectionNode : public ov::op::Op {
         validate_and_infer_types();
     }
 
+    bool visit_attributes(ov::AttributeVisitor& visitor) override;
+
     void validate_and_infer_types() override;
 
     std::shared_ptr<Node> clone_with_new_inputs(const ov::OutputVector& new_args) const override;