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xml2hash.pl
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#!/usr/bin/perl
# Daniel "Trizen" Șuteu
# Date: 27 December 2013
# Edit: 01 January 2018
# License: GPLv3
# https://github.com/trizen
# A tiny pure-Perl XML parser.
use utf8;
use 5.010;
use strict;
use warnings;
{
my %entities = (
'amp' => '&',
'quot' => '"',
'apos' => "'",
'gt' => '>',
'lt' => '<',
);
state $ent_re = do {
local $" = '|';
qr/&(@{[keys %entities]});/;
};
sub _decode_entities {
$_[0] =~ s/$ent_re/$entities{$1}/gor;
}
}
sub xml2hash {
my $xml = shift(@_) // '';
my $xml_ref = {};
$xml = "$xml";
my %args = (
attr => '-',
text => '#text',
empty => q{},
@_
);
my %ctags;
my $ref = $xml_ref;
state $inv_chars = q{!"#$@%&'()*+,/;\\<=>?\]\[^`{|}~};
state $valid_tag = qr{[^\-.\s0-9$inv_chars][^$inv_chars\s]*};
{
if (
$xml =~ m{\G< \s*
($valid_tag) \s*
((?>$valid_tag\s*=\s*(?>".*?"|'.*?')|\s+)+)? \s*
(/)?\s*> \s*
}gcsxo
) {
my ($tag, $attrs, $closed) = ($1, $2, $3);
if (defined $attrs) {
push @{$ctags{$tag}}, $ref;
$ref =
ref $ref eq 'HASH'
? ref $ref->{$tag}
? $ref->{$tag}
: (
defined $ref->{$tag}
? ($ref->{$tag} = [$ref->{$tag}])
: ($ref->{$tag} //= [])
)
: ref $ref eq 'ARRAY' ? ref $ref->[-1]{$tag}
? $ref->[-1]{$tag}
: (
defined $ref->[-1]{$tag}
? ($ref->[-1]{$tag} = [$ref->[-1]{$tag}])
: ($ref->[-1]{$tag} //= [])
)
: [];
++$#{$ref} if ref $ref eq 'ARRAY';
while (
$attrs =~ m{\G
($valid_tag) \s*=\s*
(?>
"(.*?)"
|
'(.*?)'
) \s*
}gsxo
) {
my ($key, $value) = ($1, $+);
$key = join(q{}, $args{attr}, $key);
if (ref $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
$ref->[-1]{$key} = _decode_entities($value);
}
elsif (ref $ref eq 'HASH') {
$ref->{$key} = $value;
}
}
if (defined $closed) {
$ref = pop @{$ctags{$tag}};
}
if ($xml =~ m{\G<\s*/\s*\Q$tag\E\s*>\s*}gc) {
$ref = pop @{$ctags{$tag}};
}
elsif ($xml =~ m{\G([^<]+)(?=<)}gsc) {
if (ref $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
$ref->[-1]{$args{text}} .= _decode_entities($1);
$ref = pop @{$ctags{$tag}};
}
elsif (ref $ref eq 'HASH') {
$ref->{$args{text}} .= $1;
$ref = pop @{$ctags{$tag}};
}
}
}
elsif (defined $closed) {
if (ref $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
if (exists $ref->[-1]{$tag}) {
if (ref $ref->[-1]{$tag} ne 'ARRAY') {
$ref->[-1]{$tag} = [$ref->[-1]{$tag}];
}
push @{$ref->[-1]{$tag}}, $args{empty};
}
else {
$ref->[-1]{$tag} = $args{empty};
}
}
}
else {
if ($xml =~ /\G(?=<(?!!))/) {
push @{$ctags{$tag}}, $ref;
$ref =
ref $ref eq 'HASH'
? ref $ref->{$tag}
? $ref->{$tag}
: (
defined $ref->{$tag}
? ($ref->{$tag} = [$ref->{$tag}])
: ($ref->{$tag} //= [])
)
: ref $ref eq 'ARRAY' ? ref $ref->[-1]{$tag}
? $ref->[-1]{$tag}
: (
defined $ref->[-1]{$tag}
? ($ref->[-1]{$tag} = [$ref->[-1]{$tag}])
: ($ref->[-1]{$tag} //= [])
)
: [];
++$#{$ref} if ref $ref eq 'ARRAY';
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G<!\[CDATA\[(.*?)\]\]>\s*/gcs or $xml =~ /\G([^<]+)(?=<)/gsc) {
my ($text) = $1;
if ($xml =~ m{\G<\s*/\s*\Q$tag\E\s*>\s*}gc) {
if (ref $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
if (exists $ref->[-1]{$tag}) {
if (ref $ref->[-1]{$tag} ne 'ARRAY') {
$ref->[-1]{$tag} = [$ref->[-1]{$tag}];
}
push @{$ref->[-1]{$tag}}, $text;
}
else {
$ref->[-1]{$tag} .= _decode_entities($text);
}
}
elsif (ref $ref eq 'HASH') {
$ref->{$tag} .= $text;
}
}
else {
push @{$ctags{$tag}}, $ref;
$ref =
ref $ref eq 'HASH'
? ref $ref->{$tag}
? $ref->{$tag}
: (
defined $ref->{$tag}
? ($ref->{$tag} = [$ref->{$tag}])
: ($ref->{$tag} //= [])
)
: ref $ref eq 'ARRAY' ? ref $ref->[-1]{$tag}
? $ref->[-1]{$tag}
: (
defined $ref->[-1]{$tag}
? ($ref->[-1]{$tag} = [$ref->[-1]{$tag}])
: ($ref->[-1]{$tag} //= [])
)
: [];
++$#{$ref} if ref $ref eq 'ARRAY';
if (ref $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
if (exists $ref->[-1]{$tag}) {
if (ref $ref->[-1]{$tag} ne 'ARRAY') {
$ref->[-1] = [$ref->[-1]{$tag}];
}
push @{$ref->[-1]}, {$args{text} => $text};
}
else {
$ref->[-1]{$args{text}} .= $text;
}
}
elsif (ref $ref eq 'HASH') {
$ref->{$tag} .= $text;
}
}
}
}
if ($xml =~ m{\G<\s*/\s*\Q$tag\E\s*>\s*}gc) {
## tag closed - ok
}
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ m{\G<\s*/\s*($valid_tag)\s*>\s*}gco) {
if (exists $ctags{$1} and @{$ctags{$1}}) {
$ref = pop @{$ctags{$1}};
}
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G<!\[CDATA\[(.*?)\]\]>\s*/gcs or $xml =~ m{\G([^<]+)(?=<)}gsc) {
if (ref $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
$ref->[-1]{$args{text}} .= $1;
}
elsif (ref $ref eq 'HASH') {
$ref->{$args{text}} .= $1;
}
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G<\?/gc) {
$xml =~ /\G.*?\?>\s*/gcs or die "Invalid XML!";
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G<!--/gc) {
$xml =~ /\G.*?-->\s*/gcs or die "Comment not closed!";
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G<!DOCTYPE\s+/gc) {
$xml =~ /\G(?>$valid_tag|\s+|".*?"|'.*?')*\[.*?\]>\s*/sgco
or $xml =~ /\G.*?>\s*/sgc
or die "DOCTYPE not closed!";
redo;
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G\z/gc) {
## ok
}
elsif ($xml =~ /\G\s+/gc) {
redo;
}
else {
die "Syntax error near: --> ", [split(/\n/, substr($xml, pos($xml), 2**6))]->[0], " <--\n";
}
}
return $xml_ref;
}
#
## Usage: $hash = xml2hash($xml)
#
use Data::Dump qw(pp);
pp xml2hash(
do { local $/; <DATA> }
);
__DATA__
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet href="catalog.xsl" type="text/xsl"?>
<!DOCTYPE catalog SYSTEM "catalog.dtd">
<catalog>
<product description="Cardigan Sweater" product_image="cardigan.jpg">
<catalog_item gender="Men's">
<item_number>QWZ5671</item_number>
<price>39.95</price>
<size description="Medium">
<color_swatch image="red_cardigan.jpg">Red</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="burgundy_cardigan.jpg">Burgundy</color_swatch>
</size>
<size description="Large">
<color_swatch image="red_cardigan.jpg">Red</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="burgundy_cardigan.jpg">Burgundy</color_swatch>
</size>
</catalog_item>
<catalog_item gender="Women's">
<item_number>RRX9856</item_number>
<price>42.50</price>
<size description="Small">
<color_swatch image="red_cardigan.jpg">Red</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="navy_cardigan.jpg">Navy</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="burgundy_cardigan.jpg">Burgundy</color_swatch>
</size>
<size description="Medium">
<color_swatch image="red_cardigan.jpg">Red</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="navy_cardigan.jpg">Navy</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="burgundy_cardigan.jpg">Burgundy</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="black_cardigan.jpg">Black</color_swatch>
</size>
<size description="Large">
<color_swatch image="navy_cardigan.jpg">Navy</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="black_cardigan.jpg">Black</color_swatch>
</size>
<size description="Extra Large">
<color_swatch image="burgundy_cardigan.jpg">Burgundy</color_swatch>
<color_swatch image="black_cardigan.jpg">Black</color_swatch>
</size>
</catalog_item>
</product>
</catalog>