llm check

Author: martin0995

llms.txt

@@ -21920,7 +21920,7 @@ export const TXS = [
 
      - **`RPC`** - endpoint for interacting with an Ethereum RPC node
      - **`ETH_CORE`** - [Wormhole's Core Contract address on Ethereum](/docs/build/reference/contract-addresses/#core-contracts){target=\_blank} responsible for verifying VAAs
-     - **`WORMHOLESCAN_API`** - base URL for querying the Wormholescan API to fetch VAA data and guardian sets
+     - **`WORMHOLESCAN_API`** - base URL for querying the Wormholescan API to fetch VAA data and Guardian sets
      - **`LOG_MESSAGE_PUBLISHED_TOPIC`** - the event signature hash for `LogMessagePublished`, a Wormhole contract event that signals when a VAA has been emitted. This is used to identify relevant logs in transaction receipts
      - **`TXS`** - list of example transaction hashes that will be used for testing
 
@@ -21969,7 +21969,8 @@ export const TXS = [
 
 ## Create VAA Handling Functions
 
-In this section, we'll create a series of helper functions in the `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` file that will retrieve and verify VAAs and fetch and replace outdated Guardian signatures to generate a correctly signed VAA. 
+In this section, we'll create a series of helper functions in the `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` file that will retrieve and verify VAAs and fetch and replace outdated Guardian signatures to generate a correctly signed VAA.
+
 To get started, import the necessary dependencies:
 
 ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
@@ -22003,7 +22004,16 @@ chain/emitter/sequence
  - `sequence` - a unique identifier for the event
 
 We must assemble the ID correctly since this is the format the Wormholescan API expects when querying VAAs.
-Add the `fetchVaaId()` function to extract the VAA ID from a transaction hash. Query the Ethereum node for a transaction receipt, check for a Wormhole message, and construct the VAA ID in the format `chain/emitter/sequence`.
+
+To retrieve a VAA, we need to extract its VAA ID from a transaction hash. Follow the below steps to process the transaction logs and construct the VAA ID:
+
+1. **Get the transaction receipt** - iterate over the array of transaction hashes and fetch the receipt to access its logs
+
+2. **Find the Wormhole event** - iterate over the transaction logs and check for events emitted by the Wormhole Core contract. Look specifically for `LogMessagePublished` events, which indicate a VAA was created
+
+3. **Extract the emitter and sequence number** - if a matching event is found, extract the emitter address from `log.topics[1]` and remove the `0x` prefix. Then, the sequence number from `log.data` is extracted, converting it from hex to an integer
+
+4. **Construct the VAA ID** - format the extracted data in `chain/emitter/sequence` format
 
 ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
 const vaaIds: string[] = [];
@@ -22041,11 +22051,6 @@ const vaaIds: string[] = [];
 }
 ```
 
- - **`log.address === ETH_CORE`** - ensures the event was emitted by the Wormhole contract
- - **`log.topics?.[0] === LOG_MESSAGE_PUBLISHED_TOPIC`** - filters for `LogMessagePublished` events, which indicate a VAA was created
- - **`emitter`** - extracts the emitter address from `log.topics[1]`, removing the `0x` prefix
- - **`seq`** - extracts the sequence number by reading the first 66 characters of `log.data`, converting it from hex to an integer
-
 ???- code "Try it out: VAA ID retrieval"
     If you want to try out the function before moving forward, create a test file inside the `test` directory: 
 
@@ -22103,7 +22108,7 @@ testFetchVaaId();
 
 Now that you have the VAA ID, we can use it to fetch the full VAA payload from the Wormholescan API. This payload contains the VAA bytes, which will later be used for signature validation.
 
-Open `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` and create the `fetchVaa()` function to iterate through VAA IDs, query the API, and extract the `vaaBytes` payload. Log any errors and continue processing the remaining IDs to ensure all available VAAs are retrieved.
+Open `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` and create the `fetchVaa()` function to iterate through VAA IDs and extract the `vaaBytes` payload.
 
 ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
 vaaIds: string[]
@@ -22123,7 +22128,7 @@ vaaIds: string[]
 }
 ```
 
-???- note "Try it out: VAA retrieval"
+???- code "Try it out: VAA retrieval"
     If you want to try the function before moving forward, create a script inside the `test` directory  
 
     1. **Create the script file**
@@ -22186,9 +22191,17 @@ testFetchVaa();
 
 ### Validate VAA Signatures
 
-Now, we need to verify its validity. A VAA is only considered valid if it contains signatures from currently active guardians and is correctly verified by the Wormhole Core contract.
+Now, we need to verify its validity. A VAA is only considered valid if it contains signatures from currently active Guardians and is correctly verified by the Wormhole Core contract.
+
+Open `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` and add the `checkVaaValidity()` function. This function verifies whether a VAA is valid by submitting it to an Ethereum RPC node and checking for outdated signatures.  
 
-Open `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` and add the `checkVaaValidity()` function. Send the VAA to an Ethereum RPC node, call the `parseAndVerifyVM` function on the Wormhole Core contract, and determine whether the VAA is valid or contains outdated signatures that need replacing.
+Follow these steps to implement the function:  
+
+1. **Prepare the VAA for verification** - construct the VAA payload in a format that can be sent to the Wormhole Core contract
+
+2. **Send an `eth_call` request** - submit the VAA to an Ethereum RPC node, calling the `parseAndVerifyVM` function on the Wormhole Core contract
+
+3. **Decode the response** - check whether the VAA is valid. If it contains outdated signatures, further action will be required to replace them
 
 ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
 try {
@@ -22231,7 +22244,7 @@ try {
 }
 ```
 
-???- note "Try it out: VAA Validity"
+???- code "Try it out: VAA Validity"
     If you want to try the function before moving forward, create a script inside the `test` directory
 
     1. **Create the script file**
@@ -22308,9 +22321,9 @@ testCheckVaaValidity();
 
 ### Fetch Observations (VAA Signatures)
 
-Before replacing outdated signatures, we need to fetch the original VAA signatures from Wormholescan. This allows us to compare them with the latest guardian set and determine which ones need updating.
+Before replacing outdated signatures, we need to fetch the original VAA signatures from Wormholescan. This allows us to compare them with the latest Guardian set and determine which ones need updating.
 
-Inside `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts`, create the `fetchObservations()` function to query the Wormholescan API for observations related to a given VAA. Format the response by converting guardian addresses to lowercase for consistency, and return an empty array if an error occurs.
+Inside `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts`, create the `fetchObservations()` function to query the Wormholescan API for observations related to a given VAA. Format the response by converting Guardian addresses to lowercase for consistency, and return an empty array if an error occurs.
 
 ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
 try {
@@ -22331,7 +22344,7 @@ try {
 }
 ```
 
-???- note "Try it out: Fetch Observations"
+???- code "Try it out: Fetch Observations"
     If you want to try the function before moving forward, create a script inside the `test` directory
 
     1. **Create the script file**
@@ -22404,9 +22417,9 @@ testFetchObservations();
 
 ### Fetch the Latest Guardian Set
 
-Now that we have the original VAA signatures, we must fetch the latest guardian set from Wormholescan. This will allow us to compare the stored signatures with the current guardians and determine which signatures need replacing.
+Now that we have the original VAA signatures, we must fetch the latest Guardian set from Wormholescan. This will allow us to compare the stored signatures with the current Guardians and determine which signatures need replacing.
 
-Create the `fetchGuardianSet()` function inside `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` to fetch the latest guardian set.
+Create the `fetchGuardianSet()` function inside `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` to fetch the latest Guardian set.
 
 ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
 export async function fetchGuardianSet() {
@@ -22427,7 +22440,7 @@ export async function fetchGuardianSet() {
 }
 ```
 
-???- note "Try it out: Fetch Guardian Set"
+???- code "Try it out: Fetch Guardian Set"
     If you want to try the function before moving forward, create a script inside the `test` directory
 
     1. **Create the script file**
@@ -22474,38 +22487,37 @@ testFetchGuardianSet();
 	<span data-ty="input"><span class="file-path"></span></span>
 </div>
 
-        If an error occurs while fetching the guardian set, a `500` status error will be logged.
+        If an error occurs while fetching the Guardian set, a `500` status error will be logged.
 
 ### Replace Outdated Signatures
 
-With the full VAA, guardian signatures, and the latest guardian set, we can now update outdated signatures while maintaining the required signature count.
+With the full VAA, Guardian signatures, and the latest Guardian set, we can now update outdated signatures while maintaining the required signature count.
 
-1. **Create the `replaceSignatures()` function** - open `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` and add the function header
+1. **Create the `replaceSignatures()` function** - open `src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts` and add the function header. To catch and handle errors properly, all logic will be wrapped inside a `try` block.
 
     ```typescript title="src/helpers/vaaHelper.ts"
     vaa: string | Uint8Array<ArrayBufferLike>,
   observations: { guardianAddr: string; signature: string }[],
   currentGuardians: string[],
   guardianSetIndex: number
 ) {
-  console.log('Replacing Signatures...');
+      try {}
     ```
 
      - **`vaa`** - original VAA bytes
      - **`observations`** - observed signatures from the network
-     - **`currentGuardians`** - latest guardian set
-     - **`guardianSetIndex`** - current guardian set index
+     - **`currentGuardians`** - latest Guardian set
+     - **`guardianSetIndex`** - current Guardian set index
 
-2. **Validate input data** - ensure all required parameters are present before proceeding. If any required input is missing, the function throws an error to prevent execution with incomplete data. The guardian set should never be empty; if it is, this likely indicates an error in fetching the guardian set in a previous step
+2. **Validate input data** - ensure all required parameters are present before proceeding. If any required input is missing, the function throws an error to prevent execution with incomplete data. The Guardian set should never be empty; if it is, this likely indicates an error in fetching the Guardian set in a previous step
 
     ```typescript
-    if (!vaa) throw new Error('VAA is undefined or empty.');
     if (currentGuardians.length === 0)
       throw new Error('Guardian set is empty.');
     if (observations.length === 0) throw new Error('No observations provided.');
     ```
 
-3. **Filter valid signatures** - remove signatures from inactive guardians, keeping only valid ones. If there aren't enough valid signatures to replace the outdated ones, execution is halted to prevent an incomplete or invalid VAA
+3. **Filter valid signatures** - remove signatures from inactive Guardians, keeping only valid ones. If there aren't enough valid signatures to replace the outdated ones, execution is halted to prevent an incomplete or invalid VAA
 
     ```typescript
     currentGuardians.includes(sig.guardianAddr)
@@ -22560,7 +22572,7 @@ With the full VAA, guardian signatures, and the latest guardian set, we can now
     }
     ```
 
-6. **Identify outdated signatures** - compare the current VAA signatures with the newly formatted ones to detect which signatures belong to outdated guardians. Remove these outdated signatures to ensure only valid ones remain
+6. **Identify outdated signatures** - compare the current VAA signatures with the newly formatted ones to detect which signatures belong to outdated Guardians. Remove these outdated signatures to ensure only valid ones remain
 
     ```typescript
     .filter(
@@ -22617,7 +22629,7 @@ With the full VAA, guardian signatures, and the latest guardian set, we can now
     }
     ```
 
-9. **Send the updated VAA for verification and handle errors** - submit the updated VAA to an Ethereum RPC node for validation, ensuring it can be proposed for guardian approval. If an error occurs during submission or signature replacement, log the issue and prevent further execution
+9. **Send the updated VAA for verification and handle errors** - submit the updated VAA to an Ethereum RPC node for validation, ensuring it can be proposed for Guardian approval. If an error occurs during submission or signature replacement, log the issue and prevent further execution
 
     ```typescript
     if (!(patchedVaa instanceof Uint8Array))
@@ -22650,12 +22662,11 @@ With the full VAA, guardian signatures, and the latest guardian set, we can now
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('Unexpected error in replaceSignatures:', error);
   }
-}
     ```
 
 ## Create Script to Replace Outdated VAA Signatures
 
-Now that we have all the necessary helper functions, we will create a script to automate replacing outdated VAA signatures. This script will retrieve a transaction’s VAA sequentially, check its validity, fetch the latest guardian set, and update its signatures. By the end, it will output a correctly signed VAA that can be proposed for guardian approval.
+Now that we have all the necessary helper functions, we will create a script to automate replacing outdated VAA signatures. This script will retrieve a transaction’s VAA sequentially, check its validity, fetch the latest Guardian set, and update its signatures. By the end, it will output a correctly signed VAA that can be proposed for Guardian approval.
 
 1. **Open the file** - inside `src/scripts/replaceSignatures.ts`, import the required helper functions needed to process the VAAs
 
@@ -22723,6 +22734,10 @@ import { TXS } from '../config/constants';
 
     To run the script, use the following command:
 
+    ```bash
+    npx tsx src/scripts/replaceSignatures.ts
+    ```
+
     <div id="termynal" data-termynal>
 	<span data-ty="input"><span class="file-path"></span>npx tsx src/scripts/replaceSignatures.ts</span>
 	<span data-ty> </span>
@@ -22741,14 +22756,15 @@ The script logs each step, skipping valid VAAs, replacing outdated signatures fo
 
 ## Resources
 
-You can explore the complete project and find all necessary scripts and configurations in Wormhole's [demo GitHub repository](https://github.com/wormhole-foundation/demo-vaa-signature-replacement){target=_blank}.
+You can explore the complete project and find all necessary scripts and configurations in Wormhole's [demo GitHub repository](https://github.com/wormhole-foundation/demo-vaa-signature-replacement){target=\_blank}.
+
 The demo repository includes a bonus script to check the VAA redemption status on Ethereum and Solana, allowing you to verify whether a transaction has already been redeemed on the destination chain.
 
 ## Conclusion
 
 You've successfully built a script to fetch, validate, and replace outdated signatures in VAAs using Wormholescan and the Wormhole SDK.
 
-It's important to note that this tutorial does not update VAAs in the Wormhole network. Before redeeming the VAA, you must propose it for guardian approval to finalize the process.
+It's important to note that this tutorial does not update VAAs in the Wormhole network. Before redeeming the VAA, you must propose it for Guardian approval to finalize the process.
 --- END CONTENT ---
 
 Doc-Content: https://wormhole.com/docs/tutorials/