Description

This project consists of implementing a C++ class following the canonical form of Coplien, which includes a default constructor, copy constructor, assignment operator, and destructor. The goal is to create a Fixed class representing fixed-point numbers, with a fixed precision of 8 bits for the fractional part.

Exercise 00 - My First Canon

Objectives 🚀:

• This exercise introduces you to the canonical form of Coplien in C++.
• You will create a class that represents a fixed-point number with 8 bits of fractional precision.

Requirement:

• Create a class named Fixed that adheres to the canonical form of Coplien (default constructor, copy constructor, assignment operator, and destructor).
• Add the following private member: an integer to store the fixed-point number's value - a static constant integer representing the number of bits (always 8) used for the fractional part.
• Public member functions: a getRawBits() function that returns the raw value of the fixed-point number - a setRawBits(int const raw) function to set the raw value.
• In the main function, create instances of Fixed, copy them, assign values, and print the results using getRawBits().

Exercise 01 - First Steps Toward a Useful Class

Objectives 🚀:

• This exercise builds on the previous one by adding constructors for converting integers and floating-point numbers to fixed-point representation.

Requirements:

• Extend the Fixed class by adding: a constructor that takes an integer and converts it to fixed-point - a constructor that takes a floating-point number and converts it to fixed-point - a toFloat() member function to convert the fixed-point number to a floating-point number - a toInt() member function to convert the fixed-point number to an integer.
• Overload the output stream operator (<<) to print the fixed-point number in floating-point format.
• Test these features in the main function by creating Fixed instances from integers and floating-point numbers, then print their values and conversions.

Exercise 02 - Now We Can Talk

Objectives 🚀:

• This exercise explores operator overloading to perform arithmetic and comparison operations with fixed-point numbers.

Requirements:

• Overload the following operators for the Fixed class: Comparison operators: >, <, >=, <=, ==, != - Arithmetic operators: +, -, *, / - Increment/decrement operators: ++, -- (both prefix and postfix).
• Add static member functions min() and max() to return the smaller or larger of two Fixed objects.
• Test each functionality in the main function to ensure proper behavior.

Exercise 03 - BSP

Objectives 🚀:

• This exercise demonstrates how to use the Fixed class for practical purposes, such as determining whether a point is inside a triangle using Binary Space Partitioning (BSP).

Requirements:

• Create a Point class that represents a 2D point using Fixed coordinates.
• Add the following: Private members for x and y coordinates (as Fixed) - A constructor, copy constructor, assignment operator, and destructor.
• Implement the function bool bsp(Point const a, Point const b, Point const c, Point const point) which determines if point is inside the triangle formed by a, b, and c.