Jule 0.1.5

Language

• add: grouped constant variables
• add: tags for structure fields
• add: blank identifier support for global variables
• update: goto statement rules
• update: exceptional functions must be used alone
• update: all possible types of type-enums mut be handled in type-match statements
• update: all possible fields of enums mut be handled in match statements
• update: the built-in copy function allows different types if actual types are equal
• redesign: enums
• remove: default expressions of structure fields

Compiler

• update: use ThinLTO instead of FatLTO
• fix: strict aliasing optimizations of back-end compiler may cause unexpected behavior
• fix: the --opt-copy may apply wrong optimizations for mutable values
• fix: code generation for multi-return statements with dynamic types
• fix: code generation for captured anonymous function variables from multi-return variables
• fix: inherited type-enums considered valid type for type matching
• parser: fix binary expression operator handling
• parser: fix trailing invalid tokens ignored of use declarations
• sema: fix comptime (obtained by std/comptime) constant value handling for binary expressions
• sema: fix handling of untyped boolean values
• sema: fix evaluation may allow using of blank identifiers
• sema: fix using of non-existent enum field may cause crash during analysis
• sema: fix catching of duplicate package aliases
• sema: fix collection of references to runtime implementations such as slices and maps might be ignored if type source is a type alias

Standard Library

• add: std/jule/directive
• add: std/jule/dist
• add: std/jule/log
• std/comptime: add comptimeDecl.Tags, comptimeDecl.Tag, comptimeDecl.IsTag
• std/encoding/json: add structure field tag support
• std/encoding/json: fix HTML escape handling
• std/encoding/json: nesting depth set to 256
• std/encoding/json: fix the Decode function do not set destination array to zero for empty JSON arrays
• std/jule: add Blank, Anon, IsBlank, IsAnon
• std/jule/ast: add Var.Group, Var.GroupIndex
• std/jule/build: add SetEnv, PathAPI
• std/jule/build: remove PathApi
• std/jule/build: reimplement PathStdlib, PathExec, PathWd
• std/jule/build: remove directive relevant content because of new std/jule/directive package
• std/jule/build: remove dist relevant content because of new std/jule/dist package
• std/jule/build: remove log relevant content because of new std/jule/log package
• std/jule/constant/lit: add GetRune
• std/jule/integrated: fix Windows UTF16 encoding/decoding
• std/jule/integrted: rename U16PtrToStr as UTF16PtrToStr
• std/jule/token: refactoring with reimplemented API
• std/jule/sema: remove Flag
• std/jule/sema: add Default, Shadowing, RetState, Var.RetState
• std/jule/sema: update the standard values of Var.RetOrder
• std/jule/sema: remove EnumItem
• std/jule/sema: add Var.IsEnumField, Var.GroupIndex, Var.Group, Var.Iota
• std/os: reimplement standard input/output (see #140)
• std/strings: add Clone

API

• jule::Str: fix operator+= memory deallocation bug
• jule::Fn fix ctx-memory handling

Legacy Support

This version is incompatible with source code written for previous versions. Older compiler versions cannot compile this version’s standard library and existing source code may need to be adapted for the new version.

The most common potential issues:

• Incompatibilities with the new exceptional handling standard
• Incompatibilities with the new goto semantics
• Structure fields with default expressions
• Missing/unhandled cases for the enum/type-enum types in match statements
• Renaming and reimplementations on the standard library

Jule 0.1.4

Language

• add: 3-index slicing
• add: type assertion
• update: range iteration behavior of strings
• update: use arbitrary-big numbers for untyped constants
• update: floating-point division behavior
• update: casting works different for dynamic types
• update: type aliases are not considered cycle-risky for type aliases
• update: allow strict type aliases to type any for type enums
• update: strict type aliases to type-enum will not be inherited
• rename: SmallestNonZero static field as SmallestNonzero of the f64 and f32
• remove: named field support of type-enums

Compiler

• numerous optimizations, fixes, and improvements
• fix: code generation for casting expressions from dynamic type to implicitly smart pointer types such as maps and channels
• fix: code generation of trait virtual table for implicitly smart pointer types such as maps and channels
• fix: code generation of dynamic type data for implicitly smart pointer types such as maps and channels
• fix: code generation will not generate iteration break-point for for in []rune(s) iterations when --opt-iter optimizations enabled
• fix: code generation may be failed for declarative multi-assign expressions if --opt-assign optimizations enabled
• fix: the --opt-zcopy and --opt-zappend optimizations may cause compile issues
• fix: integer wrap around behavior might not be implemented in IR and might compile with undefined behavior
• fix: code generation for array comparisons
• fix: the --opt-math optimizations may apply wrong optimizations
• fix: code generation for exceptional handler scopes with no use declaration
• fix: location information handling for error messages
• (windows) fix: compiler does not adds .exe extension if it is missing
• (windows) fix: LTO support for Clang (it may cause compile errors with not-MinGW Clang)
• add: tool targets command
• update: catch invalid target pairs and complain with error
• token: fix carriage-return characters may cause infinite loop when tokenizing string literals
• token: fix Fileset.GetRow ignores final lines with no new-line
• parser: fix function with errors may cause crash
• parser: reused directive causes errors instead of ignoring silently
• parser: fix unary operator handling of binary expressions
• parser: fix missing expressions in brace literal may cause crash instead of compiler error
• sema: untyped constant literals allowed in Safe Jule for binded types
• sema: fix value type determination may ignore the strict type alias sources when evaluation of array and structure literals
• sema: fix evaluation of binary expressions for comptimeTypeInfo
• sema: fix owner define will not reference to the struct if it used via type alias when evaluating expression
• sema: fix type-enums are not considered as mutable types
• sema: fix global variable referencing a function may cause crash due to analysis issue
• sema: fix and improve package analysis
• sema: fix implicit casting handling of the error calls
• sema: fix type compatibility checking for constant floating-point expressions
• sema: fix type compatibility checking may ignore whether type is strict type alias for functions
• sema: fix responsive type handling of the built-in append function
• sema: fix reference collection for types referenced from eval
• sema: fix handling of comparable array types
• sema: fix checking of the reserved main and initializer function signatures

Standard Library

• add: std/errors
• (windows) all: all MinGW dependencies are removed, standard library uses Windows API
• all: error handling model updated to latest recommended style
• (windows) runtime: fix #107
• runtime: fix deadcode analysis for mutexes
• runtime: fix the built-in make function does not initialize all capacity (#133)
• runtime: fix the built-in append function does not initialize all capacity if a new slice allocated (#134)
• runtime: fix the runtime string conversion function cannot handle reserved Str functions of can-nil types
• runtime: smart pointer types supports using of element’s reserved Str function
• std/conv: reimplement
• std/jule/types: reimplement
• std/math/cmplx: reimplement
• std/os: reimplement
• std/bufio: add Scanner.EOF
• std/bytes: the split functions limits capacity of parts to its length
• std/comptime: remove Kind (fields remain as constant variables)
• std/encoding/csv: rename Writer.UseCrlf as Writer.UseCRLF
• std/encoding/json: fix Valid function reports false for some JSON inputs with spaces
• std/encoding/json: fix DecodeJSON reserved decoder function does not supports JSON objects or arrays
• std/encoding/json: numerous minor fixes and improvements
• std/encoding/json: fix Decode function throws UnexpectedToken error if JSON input have trailing spaces
• std/encoding/json: fix invalid token may cause panic while decoding array or object (with map type)
• std/encoding/json: fix invalid token case may be reported with DecodeError.InvalidValue instead of DecodeError.InvalidToken while decoding object (with struct type)
• std/encoding/json: fix invalid key may cause panic while decoding map
• std/encoding/json: add Value, Object, Array, Bool, Number, and String
• std/encoding/json: add dynamic decoding support
• std/math: minor fixes
• std/math: rename NextAfter32 as Nextafter32
• std/math: rename NextAfter as Nextafter
• std/math: rename F64Bits as F64bits
• std/math: rename F32Bits as F32bits
• std/math: rename F64frombits as F64frombits
• std/math: rename F32frombits as F32frombits
• std/math/big: rename Int.BitNot as Int.Not
• std/math/big: update Int.Parse definition and behavior
• std/math/big: add Accuracy, Int.F64
• std/math/big: fix Int.Parse does not catch invalid separators
• std/io: add ReaderAt, WriterTo, Seeker, WriteStr, ReadAll, LimitReader, SeekStart, SeekCurrent, SeekEnd, Copy, CopyBuffer, and Discard, ErrShortWrite, ErrShortBuffer, ErrUnexpectedEOF, ErrNoProgress
• std/jule/ast: remove SubIdentType
• std/jule/ast: add TypeAssertionExpr
• std/jule/sema: remove TypeEnumItem.Ident
• std/jule/sema: add Type.SoftStruct, TypeAssertionExpr
• std/jule/sema: remove TypeEnumItem.Ident, TypeEnumItem.FindItem
• (windows) std/os: fix long path support after Windows 10.0.15063
• std/os/filepath: update sign of Abs
• std/os/filepath: add SplitList
• std/slices: rename Find as Index, FindLast as IndexLast
• std/strings: add Reader
• std/sys: reimplement Errno and relevant functions
• std/testing: add T.Logf
• std/unicode: add In, IsPrint

API

• remove: jule::nil, jule::MAX_32, jule::MIN_F32, jule::MAX_F64, jule::MIN_F64, jule::MAX_I64, jule::MIN_I64, jule::MAX_U64 variables
• remove: the jule::print, jule::println, jule::append, jule::__append, jule::copy, jule::__copy functions
• add: the __jule_print, and __jule_println functions
• fix: slicing error gives length instead of capacity for capacity information

Legacy Support

This version is incompatible with source code written for previous versions, including Jule 0.1.3. Older compiler versions cannot compile this version’s standard library and existing source code may need to be adapted for the new version.

The most common potential issues:

• Incompatibilities with the new error handling standard
• Using dynamic types
• Renaming and reimplementations on the standard library
• Unexpected behavior in range iterations with strings

Jule 0.1.3

Language

• add: map and array literals with explicit type
• add: assertion casting for dynamic types
• update: the built-in copy function now uses mutable slicing for destination arrays
• update: deferred scopes
• update: trait memory model
• remove: static constant fields support of impl statements and structures
• remove: manual memory management options
• remove: the deprecated directive (see doc comments for deprecation)

Compiler

• numerous minor fixes, optimizations and improvements
• fix: thread runtime initialization
• fix: the != operator equals to the == operator for struct types in the object code
• fix: code generation for implicit == operator of struct types
• fix: code generation for trait data of strict type aliases
• fix: code generation for postfix statements which uses map lookup as lvalue
• fix: the --opt-deadcode optimizations removes trait methods of structures
• fix: the --opt-dynamic optimization removes type safety for type casting when optimizing type-match statement case which have a previous case with fall statement
• fix: code generation for concurrent function calls when parameter count collisions exist
• fix: initialization of runtime environment data
• fix: code generation for result data with channel type
• fix: code generation for raw pointer type metadata of dynamic types
• fix: code generation for trait virtual table of strict type aliases with smart pointer source type
  • it may cause compilation problems with GCC before the patch (see CI of 261b80d)
• add: the --opt-zcopy and --opt-zappend optimization flags
• improve: the --opt-deadcode optimization removes the following statements after empty select statements
• improve: The --opt-access optimization removes the boundary analysis of expressions like array[i&(len(array)-1)] for arrays whose length is power of two
• improve: code generation for select statements
• improve: error messages, with contributions by @adamperkowski (#123)
• parser: fix nested smart pointer types (like &&int) have nil Token field
• parser: fix (#119, thanks @puni073 for pointing to the issue) and improve handling of function declarations
• parser: catch repetitive ignoring of an exceptional like foo()!!!
• parser: fix scope analysis will generate error for expression which is already logged
• parser: fix unsafe namespace support of type analysis
• sema: fix interior mutability analysis for structure copy assignments
• sema: fix impl statement handling for structures
• sema: fix strict type alias source type analysis
• sema: fix mutability and comparable state analysis of types
• sema: fix type cycle analysis
• sema: fix map types are not considered as mutable even with mutable key/value type
• sema: fix map indexing expressions considered lvalue
• sema: fix analysis and handling indexing support of comptime types
• sema: fix type inference analysis of untyped slice literals
• sema: fix analysis of strict type alias structures, and type-enums for casting
• sema: fix cycle and type analysis of type-enums
• sema: fix reference handling of scope variables
• sema: fix type safety analysis of unsafe pointer (*unsafe) type
• sema: fix mistyped values may cause crash when evaluating sub-ident expressions
• sema: fix instantiation cycle analysis
• sema: fix generic type and method evaluation
• sema: fix expression evaluation allows non-instantiated generic types for sub-ident expressions
• sema: fix generic type analysis does not supports nested generic type instantiation
• sema: fix generic type analysis of generic define coming from different package
• sema: add responsive expression support for map indexing
• sema: add casting support for traits
• sema: catch unsafe pointer (*unsafe) type for invalid dynamic generic type annotations

Standard Library

• add: std/html
• add: std/net/url
• add: std/path
• all: refactoring and rehandling with breaking changes
• runtime: fix the string conversion algorithm tries to call Str(self)!: str methods like reserved Str(self): str methods
• runtime: fix sema queue implementation (affects sync::Mutex, sync::WaitGroup, and new sync::RWMutex)
• runtime: fix map lookup does not set to default value if record is not exist (#129)
• runtime: fix blocking-select statement may cause deadlock panic even for no-deadlock cases
• runtime: update hashing algorithm and optimize map implementation
• std/conv: rename the ConvError as Conv
• std/conv: remove the Ok field of Conv
• std/encoding/json: fix custom encoding and decoding method detection
• std/jule/sema: rename Value as ValueSym
• std/jule/sema: rename Data as Value
• std/jule/sema: rename the Value field as ValueSym of Var and EnumItem
• std/jule/sema: rename the Data field as Value of ValueSym
• std/jule/sema: rename the Datas field as Values of TupleExpr
• std/mem: remove Free and Heap
• std/strings: add theReplacer struct
• std/sync: add RWMutex
• std/unicode/utf16: remove MaxRune
• std/unicode/utf16: add RuneLen

API

• remove: deferred scope API
• remove: jule::Trait
• jule::Str: remove std::basic_string support (#121, thanks @puni073 for pointing to the issue)

Legacy Support

Jule 0.1.3 includes critical bug fixes, and updating is highly recommended. However, this update may require additional effort. It introduces some breaking changes and modifications that could alter behavior, potentially making debugging more difficult. There are significant additions and removals in the API and standard library. Compiled programs may not behave as expected.

Jule 0.1.2

Language

• add: channels
• add: select statements
• add: mutability responsiveness for functions
• add: thread management runtime
• update: all keywords can used as identifier for bind defines
• update: only constant expressions allowed for default value of struct fields
• comptime: add slice literal support for comptime range iterations

Compiler

• fix: global variable initialization ordering
• fix: exceptional optimizations of --opt-exceptional flag
• fix: output of the help command, thanks @lareii for the fix (#118)
• fix: code generation for anonymous function calls
• fix: code generation for anonymous functions and other implicit analysis productions
• fix: code generation for empty slice literal
• fix: boundary size variable analysis of the --opt-access optimizations
• fix: boundary exhibit variable analysis of the --opt-access optimizations
• parser: fix statement separations and insertions
• parser: fix variable parsing invalid syntax error logging
• parser: fix empty case expression detection
• parser: fix co keyword allowed without any expression
• parser: fix semicolon terminated empty statements may cause crash
• sema: fix map type analysis for cycles
• sema: fix import path analysis may crash when analysis standard library paths
• sema: fix function type string representation conversion
• sema: fix parsing of unicode code points in string literals
• sema: fix collection of variable dependencies for global variables
• sema: fix use declaration to root module may cause crash
• sema: fix cycle analysis of type aliases
• sema: caught initialization cycles for global variables
• sema: generate errors for invalid escape sequences
• sema: improve map type key constraint analysis
• sema: add responsiveness for the key and value pairs of the map literals
• sema: add built-in panic call support for exception handler scopes with no required use statement

Standard Library

• std/bufio: add the FinalToken
• std/bufio: remove the ScannerCfg struct
• std/bufio: remove the NewCfg static method of the Scanner
• std/bufio: add the Split, and Buffer methods to the Scanner
• std/bufio: rename the SplitLines function as ScanLines
• std/bufio: update SplitFunc and Scanner behavior (add final token support)
• std/bytes: reimplemented
• std/comptime: add the Chan field to Kind
• std/comptime: add the channel support to the Elem method of comptimeTypeInfo
• std/encoding: add the JSONEncoder, JSONDecoder, TextEncoder, and TextDecoder traits
• std/encoding/json: fix string literal validation
• std/encoding/json: add the EncodeJSON field to EncodeError
• std/encoding/json: add the custom encoder and decoder method support
• std/fmt: use io::Writer instead of os::File for the Fprint, Fprintln, and Fprintf functions
• std/jule: rename the InitFn as InitFunc
• std/jule/ast: add the CanSend, ChanRecv, ChanType, and Select structs
• std/jule/ast: rename the MatchCase as Match
• std/jule/ast: rename the VarDecl as Var
• std/jule/ast: rename the TypeDecl as Type
• std/jule/ast: rename the TypeDeclKind as TypeKind
• std/jule/ast: rename the IdentTypeDecl as IdentType
• std/jule/ast: rename the SubIdentTypeDecl as SubIdentType
• std/jule/ast: rename the NamespaceTypeDecl as NamespaceType
• std/jule/ast: rename the SptrTypeDecl as SptrType
• std/jule/ast: rename the SlcTypeDecl as SliceType
• std/jule/ast: rename the TupleTypeDecl as TupleType
• std/jule/ast: rename the PtrTypeDecl as PtrType
• std/jule/ast: rename the ArrTypeDecl as ArrayType
• std/jule/ast: rename the MapTypeDecl as MapType
• std/jule/ast: rename the RetTypeDecl as RetType
• std/jule/ast: rename the EnumDecl as Enum
• std/jule/ast: rename the TypeEnumDecl as TypeEnum
• std/jule/ast: rename the EnumItemDecl as EnumItem
• std/jule/ast: rename the TypeEnumItemDecl as TypeEnumItem
• std/jule/ast: rename the TypeAliasDecl as TypeAlias
• std/jule/ast: rename the TraitDecl as Trait
• std/jule/ast: rename the StructDecl as Struct
• std/jule/ast: rename the FnDecl as Func
• std/jule/ast: rename the FnCallExpr as FuncCallExpr
• std/jule/ast: rename the GenericDecl as Generic
• std/jule/ast: rename the UseDecl as Use
• std/jule/ast: rename the ParamDecl as Param
• std/jule/ast: rename the FieldDecl as Field
• std/jule/ast: rename the FallSt as Fall
• std/jule/ast: rename the GotoSt as Goto
• std/jule/ast: rename the LabelSt as Label
• std/jule/ast: rename the ContSt as Continue
• std/jule/ast: rename the AssignSt as Assign
• std/jule/constant/lit: add the Error struct
• std/jule/parser: rename the Ast field as AST of FileInfo
• std/jule/sema: add the Select, ChanSend, ChanRecv, and BuiltinCloseCallExpr structs
• std/jule/sema: add the CaseOwner enum
• std/jule/sema: add the ExprToken field to RangeIter
• std/jule/sema: update the type of the Owner field of Case as CaseOwner
• std/jule/sema: update type of the Elems field of ArrayExpr and SliceExpr
• std/jule/sema: rename the FnCallExpr as FuncCallExpr
• std/jule/sema: rename the FallSt as Fall
• std/jule/sema: rename the GotoSt as Goto
• std/jule/sema: rename the ContSt as Continue
• std/jule/sema: rename the Slc as Slice
• std/jule/sema: rename the Array as Array
• std/jule/sema: rename the Fn as Func
• std/jule/sema: rename the FnIns as FuncIns
• std/jule/sema: rename the AnonFnExpr as AnonFuncExpr
• std/jule/sema: rename the Slc method of Type as Slice
• std/jule/sema: rename the Arr method of Type as Array
• std/jule/sema: rename the Fn method of Type as Func
• std/jule/sema: rename the Tup method of Type as Tuple
• std/jule/sema: rename the FindFn method of Lookup as FindFunc
• std/jule/sema: rename the Mtch field of Break as Match
• std/math/big: fix Int.Parse returns zero integer with not exception even if all value have not been consumed
• std/math/big: add the InvalidFormat field to ConvError
• std/os: add the LookupEnv, Getenv, and Setenv functions
• std/runtime: add the NumCPU function
• std/strings: reimplemented
• std/sync: add the Locker trait
• std/sync: add the Cond struct
• std/sync/atomic: reimplemented
• std/time: add the ParseError enum
• std/time: add the Month, and Weekday type aliases
• std/time: add the January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,Saturday, Layout, ANSIC, UnixDate, RubyDate, RFC822, RFC822Z, RFC850, RFC1123, RFC1123Z, RFC3339, RFC3339Nano, Kitchen, Stamp, StampMilli, StampMicro, StampNano, DateTime, DateOnly, and TimeOnly constants
• std/time: add the UTC, and Local globals
• std/time: add the Now, Unix, UnixAbs, Since, Until, LoadLocationFromTZData, FixedZone, Parse, ParseInLocation, and ParseDuration functions
• std/time: reimplement the Time and AbsTime
• std/time: add the Location struct

Legacy Support

Due to renaming in the standard library, some reimplementations and language update, code from older versions may not compile with the new version. Consequently, you may need to update your code to according to the new version.

Jule 0.1.1

Due to a technical issue, there is no release note for this release.
Thank you for your patience and understanding.

Legacy Support

This version includes some important semantic changes. For example, a different syntax is now used for the old type alias system, and the old syntax has completely different semantics. In addition there are some renamings and some significant changes to the standard library. All of this may break your existing code, but as always upgrading is recommended.

Jule 0.1.0

Language

• add: return forwarding support for multi-ret functions
• add: uint support for pointer arithmetic
• add: the export directive
• add: global scope support for exceptionals
• update: closure implementation
• update: trait implementation
• update: memory initialization behavior
• update: integer overflow behavior
• update: jule memory model

Compiler

• minor improvements, optimizations and bug fixes
• add: the --opt-iter, and --opt-dynamic optimization flags
• major improvements for the --opt-access optimization flag (experimental)
• fix: swap optimization analysis may cause crash
• fix: reference variable analysis
• fix: the --opt-deadcode optimization flags removes operator overloading methods
• fix: deadcode analysis eliminates reserved methods
• fix: code generation for literals of binded structures
• fix: code generation skips safety checks for modulo and division assignment operators
• fix: tab indentation handling for logs
• fix: code generation for function and method declarations
• fix: --opt-math optimization flag
• fix and improve: default value handling for declarations
• parser: fix missing expected tokens may cause crash
• parser: fix invalid syntax for short variable declarations may cause crash
• parser: fix anonymous function declaration and function type declaration handling
• parser: fix variable declaration in scope with invalid syntax may cause crash
• parser: fix parser may crash when parsing match-case statements with invalid syntax
• parser: fix unsafe function type parsing
• parser: fix single declarative assignment statement handling
• parser: fix unhandled left operand error of assign statement may cause crash
• sema: fix function call argument analysis
• sema: fix mutability analysis for slices, arrays, and maps
• sema: fix handling of CastingExprModel tokens
• sema: fix type analysis for *unsafe types may cause crash
• sema: fix mutability analysis for destionation slice parameter of the built-in append function
• sema: fix interior mutability analysis for closures
• sema: fix declarative multi-assign analysis
• sema: fix trait implementations with failed type analysis may cause crash
• sema: fix type comparability analysis reports true for arrays with not-comparable element type
• sema: fix dependency collection for structures with type aliases
• sema: fix non-generic function handling for evaluation
• sema: fix global variable analysis may be wrong, especially when using the use declaration namespace in initialize expression
• sema: fix comparable analysis of binary eval
• sema: fix dynamic type annotation analysis of generic function calls
• sema: fix and optimize goto statement analysis
• sema: fix trait method evaluation always returns immutable data even base data is mutable
• sema: fix mutability analysis of map-lookup assignments
• sema: fix map-lookup assignment type compatibility analysis
• sema: fix mutability analysis of the built-in error function
• sema: fix operator syntax analysis for assignments
• sema: fix matched type duplication analysis of match-type statements
• sema: fix reference collection of variables
• sema: fix casting expression handling
• sema: fix mutability analysis of variadic expressions
• sema: add while-next iteration support to missing return analysis infinite iteration detection
• sema: caught not-instantiated structure type declarations for evaluation
• importer: fix duplicated package analysis

Standard Library

• minor bug fixes and improvements
• add: std::encoding::json
• add: std::runtime
• reimplement: std::comptime
• remove: std::vec
• remove: std::queue
• remove: std::stack
• remove: std::thread
• rehandle: the Append method variants of the std::encoding::binary
• improve: handling of read/write operations
• builtin: add the str support for []byte types for the built-in append function
• builtin: remove: the assert function
• std::sync: reimplement Mutex
• std::slices: add the SortFunc function
• std::strings: add the Compare function
• std::io: the Scanner forwards any exceptional
• std::math::big: fix and optimize multiplications
• std::math::big: fix subtractions
• std::math::big: bit shifting methods takes int now
• std::math::big: add the DivMod, and Sqrt methods to Int
• std::flag: caught nil variables for the AddVar method of FileSet
• std::sync::atomic: use constraints for general atomic functions
• std::jule::ast: rename Ast as AST
• std::jule::integrated: the move ToStr function
• std::jule::sema: rename the PerformsRC method as GC of TypeKind
• std::jule::sema: remove the IterRelation struct
• std::jule::sema: remove the IterRelation field of the Var struct
• std::jule::sema: rename the L field as Left and R field as Right of MultiAssign
• std::jule::sema: rename the L field as Left and R field as Right of Assign
• std::jule::sema: remove the IntegratedToStrExprModel
• std::jule::sema: add the Decls field to MultiAssign
• std::jule::sema: add the Captured field to AnonFnExprModel
• std::jule::sema: add the Owner field to FieldIns
• std::jule::sema: fix the GetKindStr method of FnIns may crash if declaration is not exist
• std::jule::sema: add the Scope field to Match
• std::jule::sema: add the Scope and Index field to GotoSt and Label
• std::jule::sema: add the ChildIndex and StmtIndex to Scope
• std::jule::sema: fix the IsMethod method of Fn is not reports true for traits
• std::jule::sema: fix the GC method of TypeKind is not reports true for type enums
• std::strings:: add the EqualFold function
• std::unicode: add the SimpleFold function
• std::unicode::utf8: fix DecodeRune and DecodeRuneStr
• std::unsafe: the Slice function takes an argument for capacity

API

The API is now largely implemented by the compiler, adhering to the Jule Runtime implementation. Many important functions and functions have been implemented with Jule. Please check the API documentation for changes.

Legacy Support

This can totally be described as a breaker. It includes radical changes in many places such as standard library, compiler and API. Therefore, updating the version may require additional effort, but it is definitely recommended.

About Releases

Jule was in the pre-release phase for more than 1 year and the pre-release qualification was removed with jule0.0.15. With this version, there is a real beta version and it is called jule0.1.0. This is not a stable release and does not guarantee any particular stability.

Jule 0.0.15

Language

• add: short variable declaration syntax
• remove: the built-in swap method of slice and array types
• remove: deriving and cloning
• update: data types are considered as built-in type aliases instead of keywords
• update: slicing behavior of slices
• update: traits are considered as mutable type
• update: consider true, false and nil keywords as built-in constant variables and imagine keywords
• update: strings are immutable now and performs rerefence-counting
• update: static variables cannot be reference
• update: syntax of comptime matching and comptime iterations

Compiler

• numerous optimizations, improvements and minor fixes
• add: the --opt-slice, --opt-assign, and --opt-exceptional optimization flags
• fix: C++20 support
• fix: code generation for tuple-type declarations, thanks @sparky4pro and _lex for pointing to the issue
• fix: some backend compilers may cause compile error when unicode identifiers used on some platforms
• fix: code generation will not generate string literals with literal-special algorithm for structure ostream
• fix: code generation for multi-assign statements with tuple-return functions including traits and any types
• update: --opt-str optimization, removed some optimizations because of new immutable strings
• improve: the --opt-append optimizations for self-append l-value expressions
• improve: the --opt-cond, --opt-math, --opt-str, --opt-deadcode and --opt-ptr optimizations
• lex: fix IsAssign function reports true for the dot token
• lex: fix IsBinOp function reports false for some true tokens
• parser: fix type-enum item parsing
• parser: fix structure field parsing may cause runtime crash due to source code including missing type
• error for the field
• parser: caught keywords used in use declarations
• sema: fix type declaration handling from unary expression
• sema: fix compiler crash during constant matching analysis with zero-statement case
• sema: fix case handling of comptime-matching, remove all cases if any case is not matched
• sema: fix default case handling comptime-matching, avoid making analysis without checking existing case matches
• sema: fix handled unexceptional built-in functions are not causes compile error
• sema: fix dynamic type annotation for generic function calls allows nil-literals
• sema: fix comptime::ValueOf function allows nil-literals
• sema: fix illegal cycle caught algorithm for types
• sema: fix mutability analysis of unary expressions
• sema: fix declarative-multi-assign statement may cause runtime crash with single expression
• sema: fix mutable data sharing is allowed even field is accessible between copies within scope of the interior mutability
• sema: fix lvalue analysis of indexing epxressions
• sema: fix type analysis of the built-in make function accepts all types
• sema: fix entry point and init functions can take the #deprecated directive
• sema: fix evaluation of type declarations
• sema: fix reference collection for generic functions
• sema: fix type compatibility analysis and handling of untyped literals
• sema: caught responsive-immutable struct literals for mutable operations and interior mutable memory
• sema: caught blank identifier use declaration aliases and link paths
• sema: minor improvements for constant expression evaluation:
  • Improvement: don’t remove constant status of string-enum to string casting expressions
  • Convert at comptime: constant-string to byte-slice casting expressions
  • Convert at comptime: constant-string to rune-slice casting expressions
  • Convert at comptime: constant-byte to string casting expressions
  • Convert at comptime: constant-rune to string casting expressions

Standard Library

• numerous optimizations, improvements and minor fixes
• add: std::unsafe
• reimplement: std::jule::constant::lit
• std::fs: remove the WriteStr method of File
• std::io: remove the WriteStr method of the ByteStream and FileStream
• std::comptime: rename Kind.Ref as Kind.SmartPtr
• std::comptime: add the Match, TypeAlias, Line, File, and Files functions
• std::comptime: remove the Range functions
• std::comptime: add the RC method to comptimeTypeInfo
• std::encoding::base64: fix encode(decode length calculation may cause crash because of zero-length allocation
• std::encoding::base32: fix encoding without padding
• std::encoding::base32: add the EncodeLen and DecodeLen functions
• std::encoding::base64: add the EncodeLen and DecodeLen functions
• std::encoding::ascii85: rename the MaxEncodedLen function as MaxEncodeLen
• std::jule::lex: remove the IsOk method of the File
• std::jule::ast: remove the IsPrim method of the IdentTypeDecl
• std::jule::ast: remove the IsSelf field of the SubIdentExpr
• std::jule::ast: rename BinopExpr as BinaryExpr
• std::jule::sema: remove the IsBuiltin method of Trait
• std::jule::sema: remove the CommonIdentExprModel and CommonSubIdentExprModel
• std::jule::sema: rename BinopExprModel as BinaryExprModel
• std::jule::sema::types: remove the all IsCompatible variants
• std::unicode::utf8: rename the UtfMax constant as UTFMax
• std::math: rename the Fma function as FMA
• std::strings:: add the StrBuilder
• std::math::big: use constraints for the Int.New static method
• std::flag: use constraints for the Add and AddVar functions
• std::jule::integrated: rename the Utf16FromStr function as UTF16FromStr
• std::jule::integrated: rename the Utf16ToStr function as UTF16ToStr
• std::jule::integrated: add the StrToBytes function

API

• fix: jule::to_str<T> function define declared as jule::to_str2<T>
• fix: std::mem::Free function support of the jule::Trait<Mask> and jule::Any
• fix: wrong declaration of jule::utf16_decode
• fix: interoperability compatibility of mutable slicing algorithm of jule::Str
• remove: #derive Clone implementations
• jule::Str: reimplemented as immutable length-based (not NULL termination based) string
• jule::Slice<Item>: add the void append(const jule::Slice<Item>&) method
• jule::Slice<Item>: remove the swap method
• jule::Array<Item, N>: remove the swap method

Legacy Support

This version contains many bug fixes so updating is highly recommended. However, if you update it, your old codes may not compile and some performance problems may occur. For compilation issues, you need to update your code accordingly.

Here are some official tips for performance and interoperability issues:
First of all, there is not much change that could cause performance degradation. Therefore, there is only one specific point you need to look at: strings. Strings cause performance degradation mostly in concatenation operations. Since Jule used mutable strings in previous versions, it could handle this quite efficiently, but now immutable strings are used. Therefore, the cost of merging operations is significantly higher. For strings that you do a high amount of concatenation, use the StrBuilder structure provided by the std::strings package. This structure is designed to concatenate strings and treat them as a single string and should largely prevent performance loss.

Review where you rely on automatic conversion of strings for interoperability, otherwise some errors may occur in your program. This is because strings are now length-based rather than NULL terminated. This can lead to various errors due to the lack of NULL termination, especially when working with C-strings. For a safe conversion, the StrToBytes function is provided by the std::jule::integrated package. It is highly recommended to use this function for conversion.

If you are wondering why new strings are designed to be length-based rather than NULL termination, despite the risk of causing interoperability problems, it is recommended that you read this section in the manual: About Interoperability and Type Compatibility - Strings.

About Releases

Previous versions were marked as pre-release. It will no longer be marked. Since the bugs have been largely resolved and Jule is mature enough to be used for many tasks, it has been decided that beta versions will no longer be marked as pre-release. So this doesn't mean Jule is stable now. Compiler and standard library still may have some important bugs since Jule is still in beta.

Jule 0.0.14

Language

• add: compile-time functionalities like comptime-reflection empowered by standard library
• add: compile-time conditional matching
• add: compile-time iterations
• update: constant variables are no longer considered for “unused variable” analysis

Compiler

• numerous minor fixes, optimizations and improvements
• minor improvements for tests code generation
• add: necessary library links to compile command for Windows (improves MSVC compatibility)
• fix: code generation for trait function call arguments
• fix: handling bytes and runes for string casting
• parser: fix expression parsing, thanks to @lakshgupta for getting this noticed with #108
• parser: fix parsing of map type declarations in expressions
• sema: fix caughing not invoked built-in functions
• sema: fix comparable constrait analysis
• sema: fix structures skips declaration analysis of their methods
• sema: fix generic defines uses same instance for hint type of cpp-linked types (for example: int and cpp.Int (linked as int)
• sema: caught variadic reference parameters
• sema: caught anonymous methods for traits and structures
• sema: caught unsupported types for binary operators
• sema: stop analysis for scope when comptime-panic call occurred
• sema: fix handling of type-enums

Standard Library

• add: std::comptime
• std::bytes: add the Cut function
• std::strings: add the Cut function
• std::mem: disallow void and function types for the SizeOf and AlignOf functions
• std::jule::sema: remove the FindPackage method of the Lookup trait
• std::jule::sema: add the Comptime field to the Match
• std::jule::sema: add the Ordered method to TypeKind
• std::jule::types: add uintptr support for the BitsizeOf function
• std::jule::sema: fix the Str method of the Map struct uses old format

API

• jule::Str: remove jule::I32 constructor and add the static from_byte and from_rune methods

Jule 0.0.13

Language

• add: inheritance support for traits
• add: casting support for traits with common behaviors
• update: some binded types are accepted as comparable
• update: enum mechanics
• update: pass directive adds to command-lines after source files

Compiler

• various fixes, improvements and optimizations
• add: --opt-str optimization flag
• update: --opt-copy optimization flag
• fix: define ordering
• fix: code generation for casting from expressions
• fix & improve: code generation for type informations
• fix: type information generation for enum types
• parser: fix plain-type parameter parsing
• sema: fix slice literal evaluation
• sema: fix duplicated parameter identifier analysis
• sema: fix checking of test functions
• sema: fix limit handling of types

Standard Library

• add: std::hash
• add: std::hash::adler32
• add: std::hash::fnv
• std::slices: add the Sort and IsSorted functions
• std::process: reimplement the Cmd
• std::process: remove the Pid type alias
• std::fs: reimplement the Status
• std::env: fix Env function returns command-line arguments instead of environment variables
• std::fs: add the WriteStr method to the File
• std::fs: add the WriteStr static method to the File
• std::io: the WriteStr method of the ByteStream and FileStream, takes reference string now
• std::sys: remove the Wopendir, Wreaddir, and Wclosedir functions for Windows
• std::sys: add the FindFirstFile, FindNextFile, FindClose functions for Windows
• std::sys: remove the Wdir and Wdirent structs for Windows
• std::sys: add the Win32FindData struct for Windows
• std::sys: remove last parameter of the ReadConsole function for Windows
• std::jule::ast: add the Inherits field to the TraitDecl
• std::jule::sema: add the Inherits field to the Trait
• std::jule::types: add the MaxI, MaxU, and MinI functions

API

• optimize: string UTF-8 handling
• add: jule::utf8_push_rune_bytes<Dest>
• remove: jule::utf8_rune_to_bytes
• fix: the jule::env function always returns empty slice after first use

Legacy Support

The old Jule source codes probably will not compile with this release. Because Jule 0.0.13 brings many breaking changes.

Some breaking changes:

• std::process::{Cmd} is reimplemented
• std::fs::{Status} is reimplemented

Jule 0.0.12

Language

• add: constraints for generic types
• add: explicit-typed slice literals with casting
• add: generic function instances can use as anonymous function now
• add: static methods can use as anonymous function now
• add: the built-in delete function
• update: maps, slices, anonymous functions and binded defines are not comparable now
• update: syntax of map type declaration
• update: naming conventions
• update: use identifier based approach to define as public instead of using the pub keyword
• update: the built-in make function for buffered strings
• remove: the built-in has method of the map type, use lookup assignment instead
• remove: the built-in del method of the map type, built-in delete function instead
• remove: the built-in keys, and values methods of the map type

Compiler

• various improvements and optimizations
• various fixes and improvements for concurrent calls
• fix: code generation for cpp-linked fields
• fix: code generation for void-exceptional trait methods
• fix: —opt-deadcode removes necessary return statements of exceptional handling scopes
• fix: code generation for floating-point constants, thanks to @mingodad for getting this noticed
• fix: code generation for initializing of structure field which is have cpp-linked structure type
• fix: compiler generates uninitialized arrays and slices
• fix: code generation for C/C++ linked headers
• fix & optimize: define ordering
• fix: code generation for binded include headers, thanks to @sparky4pro for pointing to the issue
• parser: improve catching of type declarations which is placed in expression
• sema: improve dynamic type annotation analysis
• sema: fix generic type-alias analysis
• sema: fix anonymous function analysis
• sema: fix trait implementation analysis
• sema: caught duplicated identifiers for full-import use declarations
• sema: fix analysis of constant structure fields
• sema: fix handling of constant values in casting evaluation
• sema: fix scope variable and scope type alias evaluation
• sema: fix evaluation of untyped constants
• sema: fix evaluation of function calls at global scope
• sema: fix compile-time panic call analysis
• sema: fix implicit casting
• sema: fix compiler might crash when analyzing parameters of genericed functions
• sema: fix variable declarations with blank identifier are allowed

Standard Library

• various improvements and optimizations
• add: std::maps
• add: std::net
• add: std::slices
• builtin: add the len, and cap functions
• builtin: remove the len and cap fields from types and use the len and cap functions instead
• std::bytes: add the Equal function
• std::slice: add the Equal function
• std::io:: FileStream’s ReadLine function returns string without is line delimiter now
• std::io:: remove carriage return byte from the end if reading line-by-line
• std::time: reimplement the Duration
• std::thread: move the Thread.Sleep method to std::time as Sleep function
• std::jule::ast: add the Constraint field to the GenericDecl
• std::jule::ast: add the IsCo field to the FnCallExpr
• std::jule::ast: remove the Generics field of the FnCallExpr
• std::jule::ast: remove the CoExpr
• std::jule::build: add the ConstraintFailed field to the LogMsg
• std::jule::constant: add the Kind field to the Const
• std::jule::sema: add the InsGeneric, BuiltinLenCallExprModel, BuiltinCapCallExprModel, and BuiltinDeleteCallExprModel structs
• std::jule::sema: use InsGeneric for Generics field of FnIns and StructIns
• std::jule::sema: add the Statics fields to the StructureIns
• std::jule::sema: add the FindStatic method to the StructureIns
• std::jule::sema: add the IsConstraint method to the Prim
• std::jule::sema: add the Owner field to the StructSubIdentExprModel
• std::jule::sema: remove the ExprKind field of the StructSubIdentExprModel
• std::jule::sema: fix implementation of the PerformsRC method of the TypeKind
• std::jule:sema: rename the Equals method as Equal of the Kind trait
• std::sys: add the SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RDM, SOCK_SEQPACKET, AF_UNSPEC, AF_UNIX, AF_INET, AF_INET6, IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_TCP, IPPROTO_UDP, INADDR_ANY, INVALID_SOCKET, SOCKET_ERROR, and more constants
• std::sys: add the Sockaddr, SockaddrIn, SockaddrIn6, and WsaData structures
• std::sys: add the Socket, Bind, Connect, Listen, Accept, Recv, Send, CloseSocket, WSAStart, MakeWord, and more functions

API

• various optimizations
• mark as no-return the jule::panic function
• jule::MapKeyHasher: fix copy assignment operator support
• fix: use of uninitialized memory (missing zero terminator) on Linux, thanks to @mingodad for pointing to the issue (#104)
• fix: the utf16_append_rune
• remove: the __JULE_CO, and __JULE_CO_SPAWN macros
• remove: equality functions of uncomparable types
• reimplement: jule::Any
• jule::Trait<Mask>: minor optimizations

Legacy Support

The old Jule source codes probably will not compile with this release. Because Jule 0.0.12 brings many breaking changes.

Some breaking changes:

• Map syntax update
• Naming convention update
• Built-in len and cap field update
• Buffered string update for the built-in make function
• Some reimplementations such as std::time::Duration
• Some types are not comparable now like slices, maps, or anonymous functions

Known Issues

Apple released a new linker with Xcode 15. But the new linker sometimes causes compilation errors.
See more information