[CPU] Refactor Convolution node using new executor architecture #21092

Job	Run time
Smart_CI	18s
Docker	1m 6s
Build / Build	23m 24s
Debian Packages / Debian Packages	1m 52s
Python unit tests / Python unit tests	4m 53s
Python API tests / Python API tests	2m 29s
JAX Layer Tests / JAX Layer Tests	2m 20s
OpenVINO tokenizers extension / OpenVINO tokenizers extension	3m 35s
Pytorch Layer Tests / PyTorch Layer Tests	15m 59s
Samples / Samples	4m 58s
C++ unit tests / C++ unit tests	12m 58s
TensorFlow Layer Tests / TensorFlow Layer Tests	15m 25s
ci/gha_overall_status_ubuntu_24	1s
	1h 29m 18s

Provide feedback