Upgrade `ring` to version >= 0.17.12 (Closes #190 - RUSTSEC-2025-0009) #850

Job	Run time
Check (stable)	30s
Check All Features (nightly)	44s
Check (nightly)	19s
Check All Features (stable)	47s
Check (1.67.1)	2m 1s
Check All Features (1.67.1)	2m 8s
Rustfmt	9s
Check semver compatibility	23s
Test Suite	59s
Build documentation	29s
Clippy	23s
Test suite (with features) (--features=verify)	30s
Test suite (with features) (--features=validate)	37s
Test suite (with features) (--no-default-features)	18s
Test suite (with features) (--all-features)	24s
Test suite (with features) (--features=default)	22s
	11m 3s

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